Crushing and Grinding of Municipal Solid Waste

Municipal solid waste (MSW) refers to the waste generated from households, commercial establishments, and institutions. The management of MSW is a significant challenge due to its large volume and diverse composition. One of the methods used for processing MSW is crushing and grinding, which involves reducing the size of the waste material.

1. Pulverization
Pulverization is the correct answer to the given question. It refers to the process of reducing solid materials into smaller particles or powder. In the context of MSW management, pulverization involves the use of mechanical equipment to crush and grind the waste material into smaller fragments. This process facilitates the subsequent steps of sorting, recycling, and disposal of the waste.

2. Landfills
Landfills are designated areas where MSW is disposed of by burying it in the ground. While landfills are a common method of waste disposal, they are not specifically related to the crushing and grinding process mentioned in the question. Landfills involve the compaction and burial of waste, but they do not involve the pulverization of waste materials.

3. Shredding
Shredding is a mechanical process that involves cutting or tearing waste materials into smaller pieces. While shredding is commonly used in waste management, it is not the same as pulverization. Shredding is often used to reduce the size of bulky waste items such as furniture, appliances, or large plastic containers.

4. Composting
Composting is a biological process that involves the decomposition of organic waste materials such as food scraps, yard trimmings, and other biodegradable substances. It is not directly related to the crushing and grinding of MSW, as it focuses on the natural breakdown of organic matter through microbial activity.

In summary, the correct answer to the question is "C) Pulverization." Pulverization involves the crushing and grinding of MSW into smaller fragments, which aids in the subsequent management and disposal of the waste.