Identify the correct statement from the following options.a)Rapid sand filter has a high initial costb)Coagulation is essential in slow sand filterc)Slow sand filter requires skilled supervisiond)Period of cleaning of Rapid sand filter is 1-2 daysCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Introduction:
The statement in question is related to the characteristics and requirements of rapid sand filters and slow sand filters. In order to determine the correct statement, we need to evaluate each option individually.

Analysis of the options:

a) Rapid sand filter has a high initial cost:
Rapid sand filters are commonly used in water treatment plants and are known for their high filtration efficiency. They are relatively simple in design and operation, which makes them cost-effective compared to other filtration methods. Therefore, option 'a' is incorrect.

b) Coagulation is essential in slow sand filter:
Coagulation is not an essential step in slow sand filtration. Slow sand filters rely on the biological and physical processes occurring in the filter bed to remove impurities from water. Coagulation is typically used in other filtration methods, such as rapid sand filtration, to enhance the removal of suspended particles. Therefore, option 'b' is incorrect.

c) Slow sand filter requires skilled supervision:
Slow sand filters operate at a slow rate and rely on the formation of a biological layer called the 'schmutzdecke' for effective filtration. Once the schmutzdecke is established, the filter requires minimal maintenance and supervision. Skilled supervision is not necessary for the day-to-day operation of slow sand filters. Therefore, option 'c' is incorrect.

d) Period of cleaning of Rapid sand filter is 1-2 days:
Rapid sand filters require periodic cleaning to remove accumulated solids and maintain their efficiency. The duration of the cleaning process can vary depending on the level of contamination and other factors. Generally, the cleaning cycle for rapid sand filters ranges from a few hours to a few days. Therefore, option 'd' is correct.

Conclusion:
After evaluating each option, we can conclude that option 'd' is the correct statement. The period of cleaning for a rapid sand filter is typically 1-2 days.

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