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A positive value to Joule-Thomson coefficient of a fluid means
- a)Temperature drops during throttling
- b)Temperature remains constant during throttling
- c)Temperature rises during throttling
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Understanding the Joule-Thomson Coefficient
The Joule-Thomson coefficient (µ) is a crucial parameter in thermodynamics, particularly when analyzing the behavior of gases during expansion processes. It describes how the temperature of a real gas changes when it is allowed to expand at constant enthalpy (throttling).
Positive Joule-Thomson Coefficient
- A positive value of the Joule-Thomson coefficient indicates that during throttling, the temperature of the gas decreases.
- This behavior is typically observed in gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide at room temperature and above their inversion temperature.
Explanation of Throttling Process
- Throttling: This process involves the reduction of pressure through a valve or porous plug without exchanging heat with the surroundings.
- Temperature Drop: When a gas with a positive Joule-Thomson coefficient expands, it does work against intermolecular forces, leading to a drop in kinetic energy and, consequently, a decrease in temperature.
Real-World Applications
- Refrigeration: The principle is utilized in refrigerators and air conditioning systems, where gases are intentionally throttled to achieve cooling.
Conclusion
- Thus, when the Joule-Thomson coefficient is positive, it clearly signifies that the gas cools down during the throttling process, making option 'A' the correct answer. Understanding this principle is essential for engineers working with thermodynamic systems, especially in the design of cooling and refrigeration cycles.
The Joule-Thomson coefficient (µ) is a crucial parameter in thermodynamics, particularly when analyzing the behavior of gases during expansion processes. It describes how the temperature of a real gas changes when it is allowed to expand at constant enthalpy (throttling).
Positive Joule-Thomson Coefficient
- A positive value of the Joule-Thomson coefficient indicates that during throttling, the temperature of the gas decreases.
- This behavior is typically observed in gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide at room temperature and above their inversion temperature.
Explanation of Throttling Process
- Throttling: This process involves the reduction of pressure through a valve or porous plug without exchanging heat with the surroundings.
- Temperature Drop: When a gas with a positive Joule-Thomson coefficient expands, it does work against intermolecular forces, leading to a drop in kinetic energy and, consequently, a decrease in temperature.
Real-World Applications
- Refrigeration: The principle is utilized in refrigerators and air conditioning systems, where gases are intentionally throttled to achieve cooling.
Conclusion
- Thus, when the Joule-Thomson coefficient is positive, it clearly signifies that the gas cools down during the throttling process, making option 'A' the correct answer. Understanding this principle is essential for engineers working with thermodynamic systems, especially in the design of cooling and refrigeration cycles.
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A positive value to Joule-Thomson coefficient of a fluid meansa)Temperature drops during throttlingb)Temperature remains constant during throttlingc)Temperature rises during throttlingd)None of theseCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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