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Gas contained in a closed system consisting of piston cylinder arrangement is expanded. Work done by the gas during expansion is 50 kJ. Decrease in internal energy of the gas during expansion is 30 kJ. Heat transfer during the process is equal to:
  • a)
    –20 kJ
  • b)
    +20 kJ
  • c)
    –80 kJ
  • d)
    +80 kJ
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Given:
Work done by the gas during expansion = 50 kJ (positive value, as work is done by the gas)
Decrease in internal energy of the gas during expansion = 30 kJ (negative value, as internal energy decreases)
Heat transfer during the process = ?

To find the heat transfer during the process, we can use the First Law of Thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a system is equal to the heat transfer (Q) into the system minus the work done (W) by the system.

Mathematically, it can be represented as:
ΔU = Q - W

Given that ΔU = -30 kJ and W = 50 kJ, we can substitute these values into the equation and solve for Q.

-30 kJ = Q - 50 kJ

Adding 50 kJ to both sides of the equation, we get:
20 kJ = Q

Therefore, the heat transfer during the process is equal to 20 kJ.

Thus, the correct answer is option B) 20 kJ.
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