Rocks make up non-water part of the earth's crust. A mineral and a rock do not mean the same thing. A rock is made of a combination of two or more different minerals.


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Formation of Rocks
Rocks are formed through various geological processes that take place over millions of years. These processes involve the transformation of existing rock material into new types of rocks. Here is how rocks are formed:

1. Igneous Rocks
- Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock material, either magma or lava.
- When magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface, intrusive igneous rocks such as granite are formed.
- When lava cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface, extrusive igneous rocks like basalt are formed.

2. Sedimentary Rocks
- Sedimentary rocks are formed through the accumulation and compression of sediments over time.
- Weathering and erosion break down existing rocks into sediments, which are then transported and deposited in layers.
- Over time, these sediments are compacted and cemented together to form sedimentary rocks like sandstone and limestone.

3. Metamorphic Rocks
- Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of existing rocks due to high temperatures and pressures.
- When rocks are subjected to intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth's crust, they undergo metamorphism and transform into metamorphic rocks like marble and schist.
In conclusion, rocks are formed through a combination of processes such as solidification of molten material, accumulation and compression of sediments, and alteration of existing rocks under high temperatures and pressures. These processes occur over long periods of time and contribute to the diverse range of rocks found on Earth.