DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

Explanation:

Definition: DNA is a long molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. It is often referred to as the "blueprint" of life.

Breaking down the acronym:

- Deoxyribonucleic Acid: The "D" in DNA stands for "Deoxyribose," which is a sugar molecule. The "N" stands for "Nucleic Acid," which refers to the type of biomolecule that DNA is.

Structure of DNA:

- Double Helix: DNA has a unique structure known as a double helix. It consists of two strands that are twisted around each other in a spiral shape.
- Nucleotides: Each strand of DNA is made up of smaller units called nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of three components: a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).
- Base Pairing: The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases. Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). This complementary base pairing allows DNA to replicate and transfer genetic information.

Functions of DNA:

- Genetic Information: DNA carries the genetic instructions that determine an organism's traits and characteristics. It contains the information necessary for the development and functioning of cells, tissues, and organs.
- Replication: DNA can replicate itself, allowing for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.
- Protein Synthesis: DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of proteins. The information encoded in DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins.

Conclusion:

In summary, DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all living organisms. DNA has a unique double helix structure and plays a crucial role in determining an organism's traits and characteristics.