Amphoteric Oxides

Amphoteric oxides are substances that can act as both acids and bases. They have the ability to react with both acids and bases. The term "amphoteric" comes from the Greek words "amphi" meaning "both" and "thero" meaning "to bear". These oxides are able to bear both acidic and basic properties.

SnO2 (Tin(IV) Oxide)

Tin(IV) oxide, also known as stannic oxide or tin dioxide, is an example of an amphoteric oxide. It has the chemical formula SnO2.

Explanation

SnO2 is amphoteric because it can react with both acids and bases.

Reaction with Acids:
When SnO2 reacts with acids, it acts as a base and undergoes a neutralization reaction. For example, when SnO2 reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl), the following reaction occurs:

SnO2 + 2HCl → SnCl4 + H2O

In this reaction, SnO2 accepts protons from the acid, forming stannic chloride (SnCl4) and water (H2O).

Reaction with Bases:
When SnO2 reacts with bases, it acts as an acid and undergoes a neutralization reaction. For example, when SnO2 reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the following reaction occurs:

SnO2 + 2NaOH → Na2SnO3 + H2O

In this reaction, SnO2 donates protons to the base, forming sodium stannate (Na2SnO3) and water (H2O).

Conclusion

SnO2 is considered an amphoteric oxide because it can react with both acids and bases. It has the ability to act as both an acid and a base, depending on the reaction conditions. This property makes it versatile and useful in various chemical reactions and applications.