In electromagnetic waves, the electric field will be perpendicular to:

The correct answer is option 'C': Both H and wave direction.

Explanation:

1. Introduction to Electromagnetic Waves:
Electromagnetic waves are a combination of electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space. These waves are generated by the oscillation or acceleration of electric charges. They are characterized by their wavelength, frequency, and amplitude.

2. Electric and Magnetic Fields:
Electromagnetic waves consist of two essential components: an electric field (E) and a magnetic field (H). The electric field is produced by the presence of electric charges, while the magnetic field is a result of the motion of these charges.

3. Relationship between Electric and Magnetic Fields:
According to Maxwell's equations, the electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves are interrelated. Changes in one field induce changes in the other, creating a self-sustaining wave. The relationship between the electric and magnetic fields is given by the following equations:

- Faraday's law: ∇ × E = -∂B/∂t
- Ampere's law: ∇ × H = J + ∂D/∂t

These equations show that a changing magnetic field induces an electric field, and a changing electric field induces a magnetic field.

4. Electric Field and Magnetic Field Direction:
In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field and magnetic field are perpendicular to each other. The electric field is perpendicular to the magnetic field, and both are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

5. Relationship with Wave Direction:
The direction of wave propagation is the direction in which the wave is moving. In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field and magnetic field are always perpendicular to this direction. This means that if the wave is moving in the x-direction, the electric and magnetic fields will be in the y-z plane.

6. Conclusion:
In summary, in electromagnetic waves, the electric field is always perpendicular to both the magnetic field intensity (H) and the direction of wave propagation. This fundamental relationship between the electric and magnetic fields allows electromagnetic waves to propagate through space and carry energy.