Draw the electron dot diagram of a methane molecule [C=6,H=1]?

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Electron Dot Diagram of Methane Molecule (CH4)

Methane (CH4) is a simple hydrocarbon compound that consists of one carbon (C) atom and four hydrogen (H) atoms. The electron dot diagram, also known as Lewis dot diagram or Lewis structure, is a visual representation of the valence electrons in a molecule.

Step 1: Determine the total number of valence electrons
To draw the electron dot diagram of methane, we first need to determine the total number of valence electrons in the molecule. Carbon has 4 valence electrons, and each hydrogen atom has 1 valence electron. Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in methane is:

4 (valence electrons in carbon) + 4 (valence electrons in hydrogen) = 8 valence electrons

Step 2: Place the central atom
In methane, the carbon atom is the central atom because it is the least electronegative element. Hydrogen atoms will be placed around the carbon atom.

Step 3: Place the remaining valence electrons
Starting with the carbon atom, we place the remaining valence electrons around the atoms. Each hydrogen atom will share one electron with the carbon atom, forming a covalent bond. Covalent bonds are represented by a pair of dots or a single line.

Step 4: Complete the octets
After placing all the valence electrons, we need to check if each atom has achieved an octet (except for hydrogen, which only needs 2 electrons). In the case of carbon, it needs 8 electrons to complete its octet. Since carbon has formed four covalent bonds with hydrogen, it has achieved an octet.

Step 5: Finalize the electron dot diagram
The final electron dot diagram of methane (CH4) will show the carbon atom in the center with four hydrogen atoms surrounding it. Each hydrogen atom is connected to the carbon atom by a single covalent bond, represented by a pair of dots. The carbon atom has achieved an octet, and the hydrogen atoms have achieved a duet.

The electron dot diagram of methane (CH4) is visually represented as follows:

H
: :
H : C : H
: :
H

In this diagram, the dots represent the valence electrons, and the lines represent the covalent bonds. Each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the carbon atom to complete its outer shell, and the carbon atom shares one electron with each hydrogen atom.

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