Class 10 Exam > Class 10 Questions > Select the correct statement.a)Thom of Bougai...
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Select the correct statement.
- a)Thom of Bougainvillea and potato are homologous
- b)Wing of a bird and wing of bat are homologous
- c)Apple and Banana are analogous
- d)Carrot and sweet potato are analogous
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
Select the correct statement.a)Thom of Bougainvillea and potato are ho...
(a) Homologous structures are the organs which are similar in basic structure and have a common origin but perform different functions.
(i) They have same basic structure but are used for different functions i.e. swimming and flying respectively. So they are homologous.
(ii) Tuber of potato is a stem modification while the tuber of sweet potato is a root modification. But their function is same i.e food storage, so they are analogous.
(iii) Eyes of octopus and mammals have different basic structures but their function is same so they are analogous.
(iv) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are both stem modifications but their functions are different i.e. protection and climbing respectively. So they are homologous.
(b) This type of evolution is called divergent evolution because the origin of homologous organs are same but they diverged into different directions to perform different functions.
(i) They have same basic structure but are used for different functions i.e. swimming and flying respectively. So they are homologous.
(ii) Tuber of potato is a stem modification while the tuber of sweet potato is a root modification. But their function is same i.e food storage, so they are analogous.
(iii) Eyes of octopus and mammals have different basic structures but their function is same so they are analogous.
(iv) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are both stem modifications but their functions are different i.e. protection and climbing respectively. So they are homologous.
(b) This type of evolution is called divergent evolution because the origin of homologous organs are same but they diverged into different directions to perform different functions.
Most Upvoted Answer
Select the correct statement.a)Thom of Bougainvillea and potato are ho...
Homologous and Analogous Structures
Homologous structures are those structures which have similar embryonic origin and structural plan but perform different functions in different organisms. Analogous structures, on the other hand, are those structures which perform similar functions but have different embryonic origin and structural plan.
Explanation
a) Thorn of Bougainvillea and potato are homologous: The thorn of Bougainvillea and potato are homologous structures as both have similar embryonic origin and structural plan. The thorn of Bougainvillea is a modification of the stem while the potato is a modification of the underground stem. Both have a similar structure, consisting of a stem covered with a protective layer.
b) Wing of a bird and wing of bat are homologous: The wings of a bird and a bat are not homologous but analogous structures. They have a different embryonic origin and structural plan, but they perform the same function of flight.
c) Apple and Banana are analogous: The apple and banana are analogous structures as they have different embryonic origin and structural plan, but they perform a similar function. They both have a fleshy edible part and are used as food.
d) Carrot and sweet potato are analogous: The carrot and sweet potato are analogous structures as they have different embryonic origin and structural plan, but they both store food in the form of carbohydrates.
Conclusion
Homologous and analogous structures are important concepts in biology. Homologous structures provide evidence of common ancestry while analogous structures provide evidence of convergent evolution. It is important to understand the difference between these structures to better understand the evolution of organisms.
Homologous structures are those structures which have similar embryonic origin and structural plan but perform different functions in different organisms. Analogous structures, on the other hand, are those structures which perform similar functions but have different embryonic origin and structural plan.
Explanation
a) Thorn of Bougainvillea and potato are homologous: The thorn of Bougainvillea and potato are homologous structures as both have similar embryonic origin and structural plan. The thorn of Bougainvillea is a modification of the stem while the potato is a modification of the underground stem. Both have a similar structure, consisting of a stem covered with a protective layer.
b) Wing of a bird and wing of bat are homologous: The wings of a bird and a bat are not homologous but analogous structures. They have a different embryonic origin and structural plan, but they perform the same function of flight.
c) Apple and Banana are analogous: The apple and banana are analogous structures as they have different embryonic origin and structural plan, but they perform a similar function. They both have a fleshy edible part and are used as food.
d) Carrot and sweet potato are analogous: The carrot and sweet potato are analogous structures as they have different embryonic origin and structural plan, but they both store food in the form of carbohydrates.
Conclusion
Homologous and analogous structures are important concepts in biology. Homologous structures provide evidence of common ancestry while analogous structures provide evidence of convergent evolution. It is important to understand the difference between these structures to better understand the evolution of organisms.
Community Answer
Select the correct statement.a)Thom of Bougainvillea and potato are ho...
Tuber of potato, corn of colocassia and rhizome of ginger are all stems of their parts and are hence homologous organs. ... Since the thorns of bougainvillea, thorns of citrus plants and tendrils of cucurbita have same basic structure but are modified to perform different functions, they are homologous organs.
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Select the correct statement.a)Thom of Bougainvillea and potato are homologousb)Wing of a bird and wing of bat are homologousc)Apple and Banana are analogousd)Carrot and sweet potato are analogousCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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