Scientific Management and its Key Concepts

Scientific management, also known as Taylorism, is a management theory developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It aims to improve productivity and efficiency in organizations by applying scientific methods to analyze and streamline work processes. Several key concepts are associated with scientific management, but one of them is not directly related to this theory.

Key Concepts of Scientific Management

a) One Best Way:
- One of the key concepts of scientific management is the idea that there is "one best way" to perform each task or job.
- This means that by analyzing and studying work processes, managers can identify the most efficient method of performing a task.
- The goal is to eliminate unnecessary steps and reduce wastage of time and resources.

c) Time-and-Motion Studies:
- Time-and-motion studies involve breaking down tasks into individual motions and analyzing the time required for each motion.
- This allows managers to identify and eliminate inefficient motions, resulting in increased productivity.
- The goal is to find the most efficient sequence of motions and reduce the time required to complete a task.

d) Systematic Selection:
- Systematic selection is another key concept of scientific management.
- It involves carefully selecting and training workers based on their abilities and aptitude for a particular task.
- By matching the right person to the right job, organizations can improve efficiency and productivity.

Not a Key Concept: Formalization

b) Formalization is NOT a key concept associated with scientific management.
- Formalization refers to the process of establishing rules, procedures, and guidelines for work processes and organizational structure.
- While formalization can be a part of implementing scientific management principles, it is not a core concept of this theory.
- Scientific management focuses more on analyzing and optimizing work processes rather than formalizing them.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the key concepts associated with scientific management include the idea of "one best way" to perform tasks, time-and-motion studies to analyze and improve work processes, and systematic selection of workers. However, formalization is not a key concept of scientific management, as it is more related to establishing rules and procedures rather than optimizing work processes.

Formalisation is the correct option