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Recently, there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of elements called ‘rare earth metals’. Why?
​1. China, which is the largest producer of these elements, has imposed some restrictions on their export.
2. Other than China, Australia, Canada and Chile, these elements are not found in any country.
3. Rare earth metals are essential for the manufacture of various kinds of electronic items and there is a growing demand for these elements.
Q. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    2 & 3 Only
  • c)
    1 & 3 Only
  • d)
    1,2 & 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Recently, there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of...
  • They are 17 elements highly valued for their uses in high-tech applications, such as wind turbines, laser-guided weapons, consumer electronics and hybrid-car batteries.
  • The process of bringing rare earth metals to an exploitable form includes mining (mostly from bastnaesite mineral deposits), separation, refining oxides into metals, fabricating alloys, and final manufacturing into various components.
  • Until the late 1980’s, the US dominated global production mostly through mining in Mountain Pass, California. In the past 20 years, US production has slowed due to environmental and safety concerns, the resulting regulations and restrictions causing prohibitive mining costs.
  • In recent years, China has actively expanded its rare earth metals reserves and tends to manage its exports with little transparency. A Reuters report from the US Geological Survey estimated that China holds about half the world’s rare earth metals reserve and produces more than 95% of the world’s supply.
  • the same time, demand has been growing annually. Currently, worldwide demand is at about 134,000 tons each year while production is only at 124,000 tons.
  • India is the second largest producer of rare earth materials after china, china presently produces more than 95% of all rare earth materials that are vital in the creation of a big variety of electronic technologies .                                                                                                           
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Recently, there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of...
Rare earth elements. These elements are essential in the production of many modern technologies, including smartphones, electric cars, wind turbines, and military equipment.

China currently dominates the production of rare earth elements, accounting for over 80% of the world's supply. This has led to concerns over supply chain security and geopolitical tensions, as China could use its dominance in rare earth production as a political tool.

Efforts are being made to develop alternative sources of rare earth elements and to reduce reliance on China. Recycling and substitution of these elements in technology production are also being explored as potential solutions to the shortage.
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Recently, there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of elements called ‘rare earth metals’. Why?1. China, which is the largest producer of these elements, has imposed some restrictions on their export.2. Other than China, Australia, Canada and Chile, these elements are not found in any country.3. Rare earth metals are essential for the manufacture of various kinds of electronic items and there is a growing demand for these elements.Q.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 Onlyb)2 & 3 Onlyc)1 & 3 Onlyd)1,2 & 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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