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Among the several factors which made Britain the first industrialised country, the one described as a major economic change, in 18th century, was
  • a)
    Common laws.
  • b)
    Single currency and market.
  • c)
    Use of money as medium of exchange.
  • d)
    Agricultural Revolution.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Among the several factors which made Britain the first industrialised ...
In 18th century England, big landlords bought small farms near their own properties and enclosed the village common lands, thus creating very large estates and increasing food production. This led to landlessness of several farmers, who had to search for jobs, which they found in factories, in nearby towns.
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Among the several factors which made Britain the first industrialised ...


Agricultural Revolution

The Agricultural Revolution in 18th century Britain was a major economic change that laid the foundation for the country's industrialization. This transformation in agricultural practices significantly increased food production, leading to surplus labor that could be redirected to other sectors of the economy.

Enclosures and Crop Rotation

One of the key aspects of the Agricultural Revolution was the enclosure movement, where common lands were fenced off and consolidated into larger, more efficient farms. This allowed for more controlled cultivation practices and increased productivity. Additionally, the adoption of crop rotation techniques helped improve soil fertility and crop yields.

Technology and Innovation

Technological advancements, such as the invention of the seed drill and the mechanization of farming processes, also played a crucial role in boosting agricultural output. These innovations not only increased efficiency but also freed up labor for industrial work.

Surplus Labor and Urbanization

As agriculture became more efficient, fewer workers were needed in the countryside. This surplus labor force migrated to urban areas in search of employment in factories and industries, fueling the growth of cities and the industrial sector.

Economic Growth and Capital Accumulation

The increased agricultural productivity provided the necessary food supply for a growing population, while also generating surplus income that could be invested in industrial ventures. This accumulation of capital was essential for financing the factories, infrastructure, and technologies that drove Britain's industrial revolution.

In conclusion, the Agricultural Revolution in 18th century Britain was a crucial economic change that paved the way for industrialization by increasing food production, creating surplus labor, fostering technological innovation, and stimulating economic growth and capital accumulation.
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Direction: Read the following case study carefully and answer questions based on it.Case StudyEmployment has remained one of the top challenges of Indian policy makers, and over the years this has only become more complex. One there is considerable improvement in literacy, schooling and attainment of higher education and skills and vocational education in the country. The educated and trained manpower looks not for jobs alone but for decent jobs with better work environments, regular employment and better remuneration. However, job creation for this kind of employment has not kept pace with the increase in the number of job seekers. Two the aspirations of the labour class have been rising with the overall development of the country. Three the growth of industry and service sectors has been very uneven across different regions and states. This has resulted in a mismatch in employment opportunities and the supply o labour at local levels. Fourth there is a strong divergence between structural changes in the composition of output andemployment. The industry and services sectors, which constitutes more than 80 percent of the gross value added in the country, provides employment to 54.4 percent of the workforce, and agriculture which accounted for 18.29 percent of GVA in 2019-20, retains 45.6 percent workforce. This divergence in sectoral in sectoral share in income and employment is manifested in the rising gap in per worker income in the agriculture and non-agriculture sectors, lastly, due to job security assured salary and other pay and prestige associate with it, preference towards government jobs has increased tremendously.India has experienced more or less consistent and steady changes in the structure of the output of the economy, especially after the economic reforms of 1990-91. The growth rate of the economy, measured by the gross value added, at constant prices, accelerated from 4.27 percent twenty years before the economic reforms to 6.34 percent twenty years after the reforms. The growth rate in GVA showed further acceleration to reach 6.58 percent during 2010-11 to 2019-20 at 2011-12 prices.This growth trajectory was accompanied by a steady decline in the share of agriculture and a steady increase in the share of non-agriculture sector in total economy.The change in sectoral shares accelerated over time.Q. If the share of agriculture in the economy deceases and the share of non-agricultural sectors rises, then it may be called as

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Among the several factors which made Britain the first industrialised country, the one described as a major economic change, in 18th century, wasa)Common laws.b)Single currency and market.c)Use of money as medium of exchange.d)Agricultural Revolution.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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