The Gujral Doctrine was adopted in 1996.

The Gujral Doctrine is a foreign policy approach that was formulated by Inder Kumar Gujral, who served as the Prime Minister of India from 1997 to 1998. It is a set of principles that guide India's relations with its neighboring countries.

Importance of the Gujral Doctrine:

The Gujral Doctrine holds significant importance in India's foreign policy as it aims to foster peaceful and cooperative relations with neighboring countries. It is based on the principle of non-reciprocity, which means that India is willing to take the first step in building friendly relations without expecting immediate reciprocity from its neighbors.

Key principles of the Gujral Doctrine:

1. Non-interference: The Gujral Doctrine emphasizes non-interference in the internal affairs of neighboring countries. India believes in respecting the sovereignty and independence of other nations and refrains from intervening in their domestic matters.

2. No use of force: India is committed to resolving disputes with its neighbors through peaceful means and dialogue. The Gujral Doctrine promotes the use of diplomatic channels to address conflicts and avoid the use of force.

3. Mutual cooperation: The doctrine emphasizes the importance of mutual cooperation and collaboration among neighboring countries. India aims to build strong economic, cultural, and political ties with its neighbors for the collective development and progress of the region.

4. Granting concessions: The Gujral Doctrine emphasizes India's willingness to grant unilateral concessions to its neighbors. This includes measures such as providing transit facilities, easing visa restrictions, and promoting trade and investment opportunities.

5. Prioritizing smaller neighbors: The doctrine recognizes the importance of smaller neighbors and aims to give priority to their concerns and interests. India believes in building strong and equitable relationships with its smaller neighbors to promote regional stability and cooperation.

Implementation of the Gujral Doctrine:

The Gujral Doctrine has been implemented through various diplomatic initiatives and policies. India has taken steps to strengthen relations with its neighboring countries by providing economic assistance, supporting infrastructure development projects, and promoting people-to-people exchanges. The doctrine has helped India in resolving long-standing disputes with its neighbors and has contributed to regional stability and cooperation.

Conclusion:

The Gujral Doctrine, adopted in 1996, is an important foreign policy approach of India. It emphasizes non-interference, peaceful resolution of disputes, mutual cooperation, granting concessions, and prioritizing smaller neighbors. The doctrine has played a significant role in shaping India's relations with its neighboring countries and promoting regional stability.