The Importance of Basic Needs for Ensuring Political Rights and Participation


Political rights and participation are fundamental aspects of a democratic society. They ensure that citizens have the ability to express their opinions, make informed decisions, and actively engage in the political process. However, for these rights to be fully realized, it is crucial that basic needs are being met.


1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
To understand the connection between basic needs and political rights, we can refer to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This theory suggests that individuals have a hierarchy of needs that they strive to fulfill, starting from basic physiological needs and progressing towards higher-level needs such as self-esteem and self-actualization. According to Maslow, individuals cannot focus on higher-level needs until the lower-level needs are satisfied.

2. Basic Needs
Basic needs encompass the fundamental requirements for human survival and well-being. These needs include access to clean water, food, shelter, healthcare, and education. When these needs are met, individuals are more likely to be healthy, secure, and able to function effectively in society.

3. Interdependence with Political Rights
a) Access to Information: In order to exercise political rights, individuals need access to accurate and reliable information. Basic education and literacy, which are components of basic needs, enable citizens to understand political issues, evaluate candidates, and make informed decisions.

b) Health and Security: When individuals have their basic physiological needs met, such as access to healthcare and a safe living environment, they are more likely to be physically and mentally healthy. This allows them to actively participate in political activities without the burden of immediate threats to their well-being.

c) Economic Stability: Basic needs being fulfilled also contribute to economic stability. When individuals have access to food, shelter, and employment opportunities, they are less likely to be vulnerable to exploitation or manipulation. Economic stability provides a sense of security and autonomy, which are essential for meaningful political participation.

4. Social Cohesion
When basic needs are met, social cohesion is strengthened. Individuals are more likely to trust and cooperate with each other, leading to a more inclusive and participatory society. This creates a conducive environment for the exercise of political rights and the development of a robust democracy.


In conclusion, political rights and participation are insured when basic needs are being taken care of. Basic needs provide the foundation for individuals to be healthy, secure, and economically stable, enabling them to actively engage in the political process. By ensuring that basic needs are met, societies can foster an environment where citizens have the opportunity to exercise their political rights and contribute to the democratic functioning of their communities.