Explanation:
The Subsidiary Alliance was imposed on Awadh in 1801. This policy was introduced by Lord Wellesley, who was the Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805. The subsidiary alliance was a system of political control and military cooperation that the British East India Company used to expand its influence and control over Indian states.

Reasons for imposing Subsidiary Alliance on Awadh:
1. Strategic Location: Awadh, also known as Oudh, was strategically located in the heartland of Northern India. It shared borders with important states like Delhi, Rajasthan, and Bihar. By bringing Awadh under the subsidiary alliance, the British could secure their interests in the region and maintain control over the neighboring states.

2. Weak Ruler: The ruler of Awadh at that time, Nawab Wazir Ali Khan, was considered weak and incompetent. The British took advantage of this situation and used the subsidiary alliance to establish their dominance and influence in the region.

3. Financial Exploitation: Awadh was a wealthy state known for its fertile lands and prosperous economy. By imposing the subsidiary alliance, the British could extract resources and revenues from Awadh to support their own interests and activities in India.

Impact of the Subsidiary Alliance on Awadh:
1. Loss of Sovereignty: The imposition of the subsidiary alliance meant that the ruler of Awadh had to accept British control over his state's internal and external affairs. Awadh became a puppet state with the British exercising significant influence and control.

2. Military Occupation: As per the terms of the subsidiary alliance, the British stationed their troops in Awadh to ensure the security and stability of the state. This further reinforced British control and presence in the region.

3. Financial Drain: Awadh had to pay a large sum of money as an annual subsidy to the British, which put a significant burden on the state's finances. This led to economic exploitation and drained the resources of Awadh.

4. Political Instability: The imposition of the subsidiary alliance and the British interference in Awadh's internal affairs created political unrest and instability in the region. The discontent among the local population eventually led to the outbreak of the 1857 Indian Rebellion, also known as the First War of Independence.

In conclusion, the imposition of the subsidiary alliance on Awadh in 1801 had far-reaching consequences for the state. It resulted in the loss of sovereignty, economic exploitation, and political instability. The policy of the subsidiary alliance was a significant tool used by the British to expand their influence and control over Indian states during the colonial period.

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