The Indian Constitution was adopted and enacted on 26th November 1949. Let's understand the significance of this date and the events leading up to it.

Background
Before we delve into the adoption and enactment of the Indian Constitution, it is essential to understand the historical context. India gained independence from British colonial rule on 15th August 1947. Following independence, the country needed a framework to govern itself and establish a democratic system.

The Drafting Committee
To draft the Constitution, the Constituent Assembly of India was formed on 9th December 1946. The Assembly comprised members elected by the provincial assemblies and representatives of the princely states. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was appointed as the Chairman of the Drafting Committee, which was responsible for framing the Constitution.

The Process of Drafting and Approval
The Drafting Committee worked diligently and prepared a draft Constitution. It presented the draft to the Constituent Assembly on 4th November 1947. The Assembly discussed and debated the provisions of the draft over a period of almost two years. Several amendments were made, and various aspects were thoroughly examined.

Adoption of the Constitution
After extensive discussions and deliberations, the final version of the Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949. This day holds immense significance as it signifies the formal acceptance and approval of the Constitution by the representatives of the people.

Enactment of the Constitution
Although the Constitution was adopted on 26th November 1949, it did not come into effect immediately. The Indian Constitution provides for its implementation on a specific date, which is 26th January 1950. This date was chosen to commemorate the declaration of Purna Swaraj (complete independence) by the Indian National Congress on 26th January 1930.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the Indian Constitution was adopted on 26th November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly. However, it was enacted and came into effect on 26th January 1950. This historic document serves as the supreme law of the land, providing the framework for governance, fundamental rights, and the functioning of the Indian democracy.