The correct answer is option 'D': Municipalities.

The wards committees are a part of the local self-government system in India. They are established at the municipal level and play a crucial role in ensuring effective governance and citizen participation in decision-making processes. Let's explore this further.

Wards Committees in Municipalities:

Municipalities are urban local bodies responsible for the administration of cities and towns. They are created by the state governments and are divided into several wards for better governance and representation. Each ward consists of a specified geographical area and a certain number of residents.

The wards committees are formed within municipalities to decentralize decision-making and promote local participation. These committees aim to address the specific needs and concerns of residents at the ward level. They act as a bridge between the municipal authorities and the local community.

Functions and Responsibilities of Wards Committees:

1. Representation: Wards committees ensure that every ward within a municipality is represented. They provide a platform for residents to voice their concerns, suggestions, and grievances related to local issues.

2. Planning and Development: The committees play a vital role in the planning and development of their respective wards. They identify and prioritize the infrastructure and development needs of the area, such as road repairs, sanitation facilities, parks, schools, etc. They also monitor the progress of ongoing projects and ensure their timely completion.

3. Budget Allocation: Wards committees participate in the budgeting process of the municipality. They propose and prioritize the allocation of funds for various ward-specific projects and initiatives. This ensures that the needs of each ward are adequately addressed.

4. Community Welfare: The committees are responsible for promoting the welfare of the residents in their respective wards. They coordinate with local NGOs, community-based organizations, and government agencies to implement welfare schemes, health programs, and initiatives for the underprivileged sections of society.

5. Grievance Redressal: Wards committees act as a platform for residents to raise their grievances and seek redressal. They receive complaints, suggestions, and feedback from residents and forward them to the concerned municipal authorities for appropriate action.

Conclusion:

In summary, the wards committees are an integral part of the local self-government system in India, specifically within municipalities. They ensure citizen participation, effective governance, and representation at the ward level. By decentralizing decision-making and addressing the specific needs of each ward, these committees contribute to the overall development and welfare of urban areas.