Under the Mughal Empire, most regions produced a minimum of two crops. The Mughals implemented a systematic approach to agricultural production, which led to the cultivation of multiple crops in various regions of their empire. Several factors contributed to this practice, including the diverse climate and geographical conditions of different regions, the Mughal administration's emphasis on agricultural development, and the introduction of new farming techniques.

1. Diverse Climate and Geographical Conditions:
- The Mughal Empire encompassed a vast territory, including regions with diverse climates and geographical features. This diversity allowed for the cultivation of different crops suited to the specific conditions of each region.
- For example, regions like Punjab and Haryana had fertile alluvial soil and a favorable climate for growing crops like wheat, barley, maize, and pulses.
- In the Gangetic plains, where the soil was also fertile, rice, sugarcane, and jute were commonly grown crops.
- In arid regions like Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat, where the availability of water was limited, crops like millets, pulses, and oilseeds were cultivated.

2. Mughal Administration and Agricultural Development:
- The Mughal emperors recognized the importance of agriculture and implemented policies to promote agricultural development. They established a strong administrative system that focused on improving agricultural practices and increasing agricultural productivity.
- The empire's revenue collection system, known as the zamindari system, encouraged peasants to cultivate more land and produce surplus crops. This system provided incentives for farmers to diversify their crops and maximize their agricultural output.
- The Mughals also introduced irrigation systems, such as canals and wells, to ensure a steady water supply for cultivation. This facilitated the growth of multiple crops in various regions.

3. Introduction of New Farming Techniques:
- The Mughals introduced new farming techniques and agricultural innovations that further supported the cultivation of multiple crops.
- They promoted the use of Persian wheel or Rahat, a mechanical device used for lifting water from wells and irrigating fields. This technology increased the availability of water for irrigation, enabling farmers to cultivate a wider range of crops.
- The Mughals also encouraged the adoption of crop rotation, which involved growing different crops in a specific sequence on the same plot of land. This practice helped maintain soil fertility, prevent crop diseases, and optimize agricultural productivity.

In conclusion, under the Mughal Empire, most regions produced a minimum of two crops due to the diverse climate and geographical conditions, the emphasis on agricultural development by the Mughal administration, and the introduction of new farming techniques. These factors collectively contributed to the cultivation of a variety of crops, ensuring food security and economic prosperity in different regions of the empire.