*A social division based on shared culture. people belonging to the same ethnic group believe in their common descent because of similarities of physical type or of culture or both.

* they need not always have the same religion or nationality.

Ethnic diversity refers to the existence of different cultures, languages, religions, and traditions within a society. It is a concept that recognizes and values the differences among people and promotes respect for all individuals regardless of their ethnicity. In Sri Lanka, ethnic diversity has been a significant issue that has led to conflicts and tensions within the country.

Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka

Majoritarianism is a political ideology that favors the interests of the majority over the minority. In Sri Lanka, the majority Sinhalese community has dominated the political and social landscape, leading to marginalization and discrimination against the Tamil and Muslim minorities. This has been a significant issue in Sri Lanka's post-independence history, leading to a civil war that lasted for over 25 years.

The Sinhalese-Tamil Conflict

The Sinhalese-Tamil conflict in Sri Lanka began in the 1950s when the Sinhalese-dominated government passed laws that marginalized the Tamil minority. The Tamil community demanded equal rights, but their demands were ignored by the government, leading to protests and demonstrations. In 1983, tensions boiled over into a civil war that lasted until 2009, resulting in the deaths of over 100,000 people.

The Role of Ethnic Diversity

Ethnic diversity plays a crucial role in preventing conflicts and promoting peace and harmony within a society. In Sri Lanka, the failure to recognize and value the differences among communities has led to tensions and conflicts. Moving forward, it is essential to promote ethnic diversity and inclusivity, ensuring that all communities are represented in decision-making processes and have equal access to resources and opportunities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, ethnic diversity is a critical concept that recognizes and values the differences among individuals and communities. In Sri Lanka, majoritarianism has led to marginalization and discrimination against minority communities, resulting in conflicts and tensions. Promoting ethnic diversity and inclusivity is essential in preventing conflicts and promoting peace and harmony within a society.