Indian Oil operates the 1870 km long Salaya-Mathura Pipeline to bring crude oil to Indian Oil's refineries at Koyali (Gujarat), Mathura (Uttar Pradesh), and Panipat (Haryana).

The correct answer is option 'A' - Panipat (Haryana).

Explanation:
The Salaya-Mathura Pipeline is a crucial infrastructure project for Indian Oil. It serves the purpose of transporting crude oil from the Salaya terminal in Gujarat to the refineries located at Koyali, Mathura, and Panipat.

1. Significance of the Salaya-Mathura Pipeline:
a) Crude Oil Supply: The pipeline plays a crucial role in ensuring a consistent supply of crude oil to the Indian Oil refineries. Crude oil is the primary raw material for the production of various petroleum products like petrol, diesel, and aviation fuel.
b) Cost Efficiency: By transporting crude oil through pipelines, Indian Oil can reduce transportation costs compared to other modes of transportation like rail or road. Pipelines are a cost-effective and efficient way of transporting large quantities of crude oil.
c) Operational Efficiency: The pipeline allows for a continuous and uninterrupted flow of crude oil to the refineries, ensuring smooth operations and minimizing downtime.
d) Environmental Impact: Pipelines are considered a safer and more environmentally-friendly mode of transportation compared to other options. They reduce the risk of accidents during transportation and minimize carbon emissions.

2. Refineries served by the pipeline:
a) Koyali Refinery (Gujarat): The pipeline starts from the Salaya terminal in Gujarat and transports crude oil to the Koyali Refinery. The Koyali Refinery is one of the largest refineries in India and has a capacity of processing 13.7 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) of crude oil.
b) Mathura Refinery (Uttar Pradesh): The pipeline also supplies crude oil to the Mathura Refinery. The Mathura Refinery has a capacity of processing 8.0 MMTPA of crude oil.
c) Panipat Refinery (Haryana): The pipeline further extends to the Panipat Refinery in Haryana. The Panipat Refinery is the biggest refinery in India with a capacity of processing 15 MMTPA of crude oil. It is strategically located to cater to the demand in the northern and western regions of India.

In conclusion, the Salaya-Mathura Pipeline is operated by Indian Oil to transport crude oil from the Salaya terminal to the refineries at Koyali, Mathura, and Panipat. It is an essential infrastructure project that ensures a consistent supply of crude oil and supports the efficient operation of these refineries.

Panipat Haryana