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In a 136 nm long DNA , 30% adenine is present .calculate the total no. Of H - bonds present in this?
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In a 136 nm long DNA , 30% adenine is present .calculate the total no....
Solution:
Given:
Length of DNA = 136 nm
Percentage of Adenine = 30%
DNA structure and Hydrogen Bonding:
DNA is a double-stranded helical structure consisting of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The four nitrogenous bases present in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine. These base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Number of Hydrogen Bonds:
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between base pairs depends on the type of base pair. Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds, while guanine and cytosine form three hydrogen bonds.
Steps to calculate the number of Hydrogen Bonds:
1. Calculate the number of Adenine and Thymine bases:
As we know that Adenine always pairs with Thymine, the percentage of Adenine will be equal to the percentage of Thymine. Therefore,
Percentage of Thymine = 30%
Total number of Adenine and Thymine bases = (30% + 30%) of 136 nm = (60/100) x 136 nm = 81.6 nm
2. Calculate the number of Guanine and Cytosine bases:
As we know that Guanine always pairs with Cytosine, the percentage of Guanine will be equal to the percentage of Cytosine. Therefore,
Percentage of Guanine = (100% - 30% - 30%) = 40%
Total number of Guanine and Cytosine bases = (40% + 40%) of 136 nm = (80/100) x 136 nm = 108.8 nm
3. Calculate the number of Hydrogen Bonds:
Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Adenine and Thymine base pairs = Total number of Adenine and Thymine bases x 2 = 81.6 nm x 2 = 163.2
Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Guanine and Cytosine base pairs = Total number of Guanine and Cytosine bases x 3 = 108.8 nm x 3 = 326.4
Total number of Hydrogen Bonds in DNA = Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Adenine and Thymine base pairs + Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Guanine and Cytosine base pairs
= 163.2 + 326.4 = 489.6
Therefore, the total number of Hydrogen Bonds present in the given DNA molecule is 489.6.
Note: The actual number of Hydrogen Bonds may vary slightly due to the structural and environmental factors affecting the DNA molecule.
Given:
Length of DNA = 136 nm
Percentage of Adenine = 30%
DNA structure and Hydrogen Bonding:
DNA is a double-stranded helical structure consisting of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The four nitrogenous bases present in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine. These base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Number of Hydrogen Bonds:
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between base pairs depends on the type of base pair. Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds, while guanine and cytosine form three hydrogen bonds.
Steps to calculate the number of Hydrogen Bonds:
1. Calculate the number of Adenine and Thymine bases:
As we know that Adenine always pairs with Thymine, the percentage of Adenine will be equal to the percentage of Thymine. Therefore,
Percentage of Thymine = 30%
Total number of Adenine and Thymine bases = (30% + 30%) of 136 nm = (60/100) x 136 nm = 81.6 nm
2. Calculate the number of Guanine and Cytosine bases:
As we know that Guanine always pairs with Cytosine, the percentage of Guanine will be equal to the percentage of Cytosine. Therefore,
Percentage of Guanine = (100% - 30% - 30%) = 40%
Total number of Guanine and Cytosine bases = (40% + 40%) of 136 nm = (80/100) x 136 nm = 108.8 nm
3. Calculate the number of Hydrogen Bonds:
Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Adenine and Thymine base pairs = Total number of Adenine and Thymine bases x 2 = 81.6 nm x 2 = 163.2
Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Guanine and Cytosine base pairs = Total number of Guanine and Cytosine bases x 3 = 108.8 nm x 3 = 326.4
Total number of Hydrogen Bonds in DNA = Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Adenine and Thymine base pairs + Number of Hydrogen Bonds formed between Guanine and Cytosine base pairs
= 163.2 + 326.4 = 489.6
Therefore, the total number of Hydrogen Bonds present in the given DNA molecule is 489.6.
Note: The actual number of Hydrogen Bonds may vary slightly due to the structural and environmental factors affecting the DNA molecule.
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