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Read the passage and answer the question based on it.
Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds into
Indian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, this
has been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.
Q. In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?
  • a)
    2015
  • b)
    2016
  • c)
    2017
  • d)
    2018
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a seri...
Answer is option c ..right ..?
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In a democratic society, it is the state that has the ultimate responsibility for ushering development to its citizens. In India, through the progressive interpretation of the Constitution and its laws and policies, the scope of development has been significantly broadened to include not just economic progress for citizens, but also promotion of social justice, gender equity, inclusion, citizen's awareness, empowerment and improved quality of life. To achieve this holistic vision of development, the state requires the constructive and collaborative engagement of the civil society in its various developmental activities and programs. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as the operational arm of the civil society therefore have an important role in the development processes.However, to the contrary, the Central Bureau of Investigation raided Amnesty International's offices in Bengaluru and Delhi based on allegations that the NGO had violated provisions of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010, and of the Indian Penal Code.Amnesty has been vocal about human rights abuses, notably in Jammu and Kashmir and Assam. This is worrying given that international funding is crucial for NGOs to function. The contribution of NGOs to human rights and public awareness is significant in India. Most NGOs are neither politically powerful nor have great financial capacity. Thus there is a power imbalance in this struggle, exacerbated by financial restraints on organisations.The FCRA regulates the receipt of funding from sources outside of India to NGOs working in India. It prohibits receipt of foreign contribution "for any activities detrimental to the national interest or public interest".The restrictions have serious consequences on both the rights to free speech and freedom of association under Articles 19(1) (

In a democratic society, it is the state that has the ultimate responsibility for ushering development to its citizens. In India, through the progressive interpretation of the Constitution and its laws and policies, the scope of development has been significantly broadened to include not just economic progress for citizens, but also promotion of social justice, gender equity, inclusion, citizen's awareness, empowerment and improved quality of life. To achieve this holistic vision of development, the state requires the constructive and collaborative engagement of the civil society in its various developmental activities and programs. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as the operational arm of the civil society therefore have an important role in the development processes.However, to the contrary, the Central Bureau of Investigation raided Amnesty International's offices in Bengaluru and Delhi based on allegations that the NGO had violated provisions of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010, and of the Indian Penal Code.Amnesty has been vocal about human rights abuses, notably in Jammu and Kashmir and Assam. This is worrying given that international funding is crucial for NGOs to function. The contribution of NGOs to human rights and public awareness is significant in India. Most NGOs are neither politically powerful nor have great financial capacity. Thus there is a power imbalance in this struggle, exacerbated by financial restraints on organisations.The FCRA regulates the receipt of funding from sources outside of India to NGOs working in India. It prohibits receipt of foreign contribution "for any activities detrimental to the national interest or public interest".The restrictions have serious consequences on both the rights to free speech and freedom of association under Articles 19(1) (

In a democratic society, it is the state that has the ultimate responsibility for ushering development to its citizens. In India, through the progressive interpretation of the Constitution and its laws and policies, the scope of development has been significantly broadened to include not just economic progress for citizens, but also promotion of social justice, gender equity, inclusion, citizen's awareness, empowerment and improved quality of life. To achieve this holistic vision of development, the state requires the constructive and collaborative engagement of the civil society in its various developmental activities and programs. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as the operational arm of the civil society therefore have an important role in the development processes.However, to the contrary, the Central Bureau of Investigation raided Amnesty International's offices in Bengaluru and Delhi based on allegations that the NGO had violated provisions of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010, and of the Indian Penal Code.Amnesty has been vocal about human rights abuses, notably in Jammu and Kashmir and Assam. This is worrying given that international funding is crucial for NGOs to function. The contribution of NGOs to human rights and public awareness is significant in India. Most NGOs are neither politically powerful nor have great financial capacity. Thus there is a power imbalance in this struggle, exacerbated by financial restraints on organisations.The FCRA regulates the receipt of funding from sources outside of India to NGOs working in India. It prohibits receipt of foreign contribution "for any activities detrimental to the national interest or public interest".The restrictions have serious consequences on both the rights to free speech and freedom of association under Articles 19(1) (

In a democratic society, it is the state that has the ultimate responsibility for ushering development to its citizens. In India, through the progressive interpretation of the Constitution and its laws and policies, the scope of development has been significantly broadened to include not just economic progress for citizens, but also promotion of social justice, gender equity, inclusion, citizen's awareness, empowerment and improved quality of life. To achieve this holistic vision of development, the state requires the constructive and collaborative engagement of the civil society in its various developmental activities and programs. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as the operational arm of the civil society therefore have an important role in the development processes.However, to the contrary, the Central Bureau of Investigation raided Amnesty International's offices in Bengaluru and Delhi based on allegations that the NGO had violated provisions of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010, and of the Indian Penal Code.Amnesty has been vocal about human rights abuses, notably in Jammu and Kashmir and Assam. This is worrying given that international funding is crucial for NGOs to function. The contribution of NGOs to human rights and public awareness is significant in India. Most NGOs are neither politically powerful nor have great financial capacity. Thus there is a power imbalance in this struggle, exacerbated by financial restraints on organisations.The FCRA regulates the receipt of funding from sources outside of India to NGOs working in India. It prohibits receipt of foreign contribution "for any activities detrimental to the national interest or public interest".The restrictions have serious consequences on both the rights to free speech and freedom of association under Articles 19(1) (

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a fundamental role in India's economic growth, contributing 30 per cent to its GDP and nearly 50 per cent to its exports. The sector encompasses over 63 million enterprises and provides a livelihood to over 111 million workers. With the manufacturing sector's contribution to GDP hovering around the 15 per cent mark over the past two decades, MSMEs are seen as a way of re-energising the sector that will push its contribution to 25 per cent of GDP. The potential of MSMEs is well-recognised by industry bodies, academics, and policymakers. In a recently concluded MSME conclave, BB Swain, Secretary, Ministry of MSME, highlighted MSMEs' potential in building a complete supply chain, enhancing their global competitiveness. Along similar lines, the Economic Survey also underlines the significant benefits that can be reaped by participation in GVCs (Global Value Chains) for Indian manufacturing by creating four million jobs by 2025 and contributing one-fourth in value-added terms towards the $5 trillion economy. A recent MSME digital readiness survey of 250 Indian MSMEs by PayPal highlights that 29 per cent of these firms witnessed an increase in online customers and 32 per cent experienced better payment solutions.[Source - The Hindu, May 1, 2022]Q. Name the apex regulatory body for the overall regulation and licensing of micro, small and medium enterprise finance companies in India.

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Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Read the passage and answer the question based on it.Last week, a series of investigative reports revealed that the far-right government of Narendra Modi had opened windows for the purchase of electoral bonds to fund political parties on six occasions, two more than the permitted number. This happened in two consecutive years. The government also relaxed rules and permitted the cashing of many of these bonds after the time limit Both left parties and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have expressed the concern that the electoral bonds will allow foreign companies and international finance to pour unlimited funds intoIndian political parties through shell companies. The reports were based on documents obtained by RTI activist Commodore Lokesh Batra (Retd.). Earlier, any donation in excess of Rs. 20,000 (USD 279.75) was to be listed out in a Contribution Report, which every political party is obliged to prepare by the end of each financial year. Now, thishas been amended to exempt donations received through electoral bonds. Similarly, while introducing the scheme, another law was amended that obliged companies to declare their political contributions. The companies earlier also had to disclose which party they were contributing to. Now, they just have to disclose the amount and not the name of the party. Most importantly, earlier laws ensured that a company could not donate over 7.5% of its average profit over three years to political parties. This was to ensure that money would not be routed through shell companies to political parties. Even this cap has been removed. India’s election commission has warned that this could lead to a huge inflow of black money into the electoral process. The new scheme can also help foreign corporations, who have no legitimate business in India, to route money through shell companies. The left in India has been consistently resisting this scheme. The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) fighting a case in the Supreme Court against the opaque funding mechanism. The party is now examining the possibility of filing an additional affidavit seeking an immediate stay on the use of the bonds till the final verdict is out. This is a battle for the very soul of democracy in India.Q.In the union budget which year, Electoral Bonds were introduced in the country?a)2015b)2016c)2017d)2018Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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