Architectural Features of Mohenjo Daro:

Mohenjo Daro, located in the Sindh province of Pakistan, is one of the most well-preserved and significant archaeological sites of the Indus Valley Civilization. It flourished around 2500 BCE, making it one of the oldest urban settlements in the world. The architectural features of Mohenjo Daro provide valuable insights into the civilization's urban planning, construction techniques, and social organization.

Town Planning:
- Grid Layout: The city was carefully planned with a grid-like pattern of streets, forming rectangular blocks. The main streets were wider and connected to the city's central areas.
- Citadel: At the highest point of the city, a large mound called the Citadel was constructed. It served as an administrative and possibly religious center, with structures like the Great Bath and the Assembly Hall.
- Residential Areas: Mohenjo Daro had two distinct residential areas, the Citadel area for the elite and the Lower City for the common people. The houses were constructed in a uniform manner, with rooms built around a central courtyard.

Structures and Buildings:
- Great Bath: One of the most remarkable structures in Mohenjo Daro is the Great Bath. It was a large, rectangular tank built with waterproof bricks and had a sophisticated drainage system. This suggests that it was used for ritualistic bathing or as a public bathing area.
- Assembly Hall: The Assembly Hall, also located in the Citadel, was a large hall with rows of pillars supporting the roof. It might have served as a meeting place for administrative and ceremonial purposes.
- Granaries: Several granaries have been discovered in Mohenjo Daro. They were raised structures with thick walls and provided storage for surplus grains, indicating a well-organized system of agriculture and trade.
- Residential Houses: The houses in Mohenjo Daro were made of baked bricks and had multiple rooms. They were constructed with uniformity and had facilities like wells, bathrooms, and drainage systems. Some houses even had staircases leading to the roof.

Infrastructure and Urban Amenities:
- Streets and Drainage System: The streets of Mohenjo Daro were laid out in a grid pattern and were generally narrow. They had a well-planned drainage system with covered drains running beneath the streets, ensuring proper sanitation and waste management.
- Wells and Public Baths: The city had numerous wells for the water supply, indicating the importance of water management. Public baths, like the Great Bath, were also present for communal use.
- Craftsmanship: The city exhibited skilled craftsmanship in the construction of buildings, pottery, and jewelry. Intricate carvings, terracotta figurines, and decorative seals depicting animals and deities have been found, showcasing the artistic abilities of the inhabitants.

Conclusion:
Mohenjo Daro's architectural features reveal a highly organized and advanced urban civilization. Its town planning, well-constructed buildings, efficient infrastructure, and focus on public amenities showcase a society that valued order, hygiene, and communal well-being. The remains of this ancient city provide valuable insights into the lifestyle, culture, and social structure of the Indus Valley Civilization.