Introduction:
The battle of Monghyr, also known as the Battle of Munger, took place in the 9th century between the Pratihara king Nagabhatta II and the Pala king Dharmapala of Bengal. This battle was a significant event in the history of India as it resulted in the defeat of the Pala king and the establishment of Pratihara supremacy in Bengal.

The Pratihara Dynasty:
- The Pratihara dynasty was a prominent Rajput dynasty that ruled over northern and central India from the 6th to the 11th century.
- Nagabhatta II was one of the notable rulers of the Pratihara dynasty who ascended the throne around the mid-9th century.
- He is known for his military campaigns and successful conquests, including the battle of Monghyr.

The Pala Dynasty:
- The Pala dynasty was a powerful dynasty that ruled over Bengal and Bihar in eastern India from the 8th to the 12th century.
- Dharmapala was one of the renowned kings of the Pala dynasty who ruled during the 9th century.
- He was known for his patronage of Buddhism and his efforts to spread the religion across his kingdom.

The Battle of Monghyr:
- The battle of Monghyr took place in Monghyr, which is now in the modern-day state of Bihar.
- Nagabhatta II led the Pratihara forces, while Dharmapala commanded the Pala army.
- The exact year of the battle is not mentioned in historical records, but it is believed to have occurred in the mid-9th century.
- The battle was fought primarily to establish dominance over the fertile Gangetic plains.

Outcome of the Battle:
- Nagabhatta II emerged as the victor in the battle of Monghyr.
- The defeat of Dharmapala of Bengal marked the decline of the Pala dynasty's influence in the region.
- The victory of Nagabhatta II consolidated the Pratihara dynasty's power and extended their rule over Bengal.
- This battle marked a turning point in the history of northern India, as it shifted the balance of power from the Pala dynasty to the Pratihara dynasty.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Nagabhatta II, the Pratihara king, defeated the Pala king Dharmapala of Bengal in the battle of Monghyr. This victory established Pratihara supremacy in Bengal and marked a significant shift in the power dynamics of northern India during the 9th century.