Who is considered as Father of Indian Archaeology?a)Alexander Cunninghamb)Lord Curzonc)Mortimer Wheelerd)John MarshallCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The correct option is A.
Sir Alexander Cunningham
Excavations begun by Sir Alexander Cunningham, the father of Indian archaeology, in 1863–64 and 1872–73

Answer

C

Answer

The correct option is A.
Sir Alexander Cunningham
Excavations begun by Sir Alexander Cunningham, the father of Indian archaeology, in 1863–64 and 1872–73

Answer

Alexander Cunningham is considered the Father of Indian Archaeology. He made significant contributions to the field of archaeology in India during the 19th century.

Cunningham was born in London in 1814 and joined the Bengal Engineers of the East India Company in 1833. He served in various capacities including as the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1861 to 1865.

Cunningham's Contributions:
1. Founding the Archaeological Survey of India:
Cunningham played a pivotal role in establishing the Archaeological Survey of India in 1861. This organization was responsible for conducting systematic archaeological excavations and research across India. Cunningham's efforts laid the foundation for future archaeological work in the country.

2. Excavations and Discoveries:
Cunningham conducted numerous excavations at various historical sites in India. Some of his notable discoveries include the ancient cities of Sarnath and Sanchi, which were important Buddhist sites. He also excavated the ancient city of Taxila in present-day Pakistan, revealing valuable insights into the Gandhara civilization.

3. Documentation and Preservation:
Cunningham recognized the importance of documenting and preserving archaeological sites and artifacts. He established a comprehensive system of recording and cataloging archaeological finds, which included detailed measurements, drawings, and photographs. This meticulous approach helped in creating a valuable repository of archaeological knowledge.

4. Classification and Chronology:
Cunningham developed a system for classifying and dating archaeological artifacts based on their stylistic and typological characteristics. This helped in establishing a chronological framework for Indian history and understanding the cultural and artistic developments over time.

5. Publication and Dissemination of Knowledge:
Cunningham was a prolific writer and published several important works on Indian archaeology. He documented his findings, theories, and interpretations in books and articles, making them accessible to scholars and the general public. His publications played a crucial role in disseminating knowledge and generating interest in Indian archaeology.

Cunningham's Legacy:
Alexander Cunningham's pioneering work laid the foundation for the discipline of archaeology in India. His meticulous excavations, systematic documentation, and classification methods set high standards for future archaeologists. His contributions not only advanced our understanding of Indian history and culture but also provided the basis for subsequent archaeological research in the country. Cunningham's legacy continues to shape the field of Indian archaeology, making him rightfully known as the Father of Indian Archaeology.

Answer

The correct option is A.
Sir Alexander Cunningham
Excavations begun by Sir Alexander Cunningham, the father of Indian archaeology, in 1863–64 and 1872–73

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