With reference to Gangetic Dolphin, consider the following statements:...
Statement 1 is correct
Gangetic Dolphins are the only surviving freshwater dolphin in India.
Statement 2 is incorrect
Gangetic Dolphins are found in the river systems of Ganga, Brahmaputra, Meghna and Karnaphuli- Sangu in Nepal, India and Bangladesh. The IUCN status of the Gangetic Dolphin is Endangered. Gangetic Dolphin is the National Aquatic Animal of India.
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With reference to Gangetic Dolphin, consider the following statements:...
Statement 1: They are the only surviving freshwater dolphin in India.
This statement is correct. The Gangetic Dolphin, also known as the Ganges River Dolphin or the South Asian River Dolphin, is indeed the only surviving freshwater dolphin species found in India. It is primarily found in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems, which are major river systems in the Indian subcontinent.
Statement 2: They are only found in the river systems of Ganga.
This statement is incorrect. While the Gangetic Dolphin is predominantly found in the Ganges river system, it is not limited to this particular river alone. It is also found in other river systems such as the Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers, which are major tributaries of the Ganges. Additionally, it is found in the Karnaphuli-Sangu river system in Bangladesh.
Explanation:
The Gangetic Dolphin (Platanista gangetica) is a unique species that is well adapted to living in freshwater habitats. It has a long, slender body with a distinct elongated snout and sharp teeth. These dolphins are primarily found in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system, which spans across India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. They are known for their ability to navigate through shallow waters and are often found in the main river channels as well as tributaries, oxbow lakes, and floodplain lakes.
These dolphins are highly endangered due to various factors, including habitat degradation, pollution, and accidental entanglement in fishing nets. The construction of dams and barrages on the rivers has also fragmented their habitat, making it difficult for them to move freely and affecting their population. As a result, their distribution and numbers have significantly declined over the years.
Efforts are being made by governments, conservation organizations, and local communities to protect and conserve the Gangetic Dolphin. Conservation measures include the establishment of protected areas, awareness campaigns, and research initiatives to study their behavior and population dynamics. It is crucial to ensure the long-term survival of this iconic species, not only for its ecological importance but also for its cultural and economic significance to the regions where it is found.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option 'A' - Statement 1 is correct, while Statement 2 is incorrect. The Gangetic Dolphin is the only surviving freshwater dolphin in India, and although it is primarily found in the Ganges river system, it is also found in other river systems such as the Brahmaputra, Meghna, and Karnaphuli-Sangu rivers.
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