The most unique aspect of planning during the Indus Valley civilization was the system of underground drainage. The main sewer, 1.5 meters deep and 91 cm across, connected to many north-south and east-west sewers. It was made from bricks smoothened and joined together seamlessly.

Drainage System of Harappa

The drainage system of Harappa, an ancient city in the Indus Valley Civilization, was a remarkable feat of engineering for its time. It played a crucial role in maintaining cleanliness and preventing waterlogging in the city.

Advanced Sewage System
The drainage system of Harappa was well-planned and advanced, providing an efficient solution for the disposal of waste and rainwater. It consisted of a network of underground drains and covered channels that were meticulously laid out throughout the city.

Underground Drains
The main feature of the drainage system was the underground drains. These drains were made of baked bricks and were interconnected to form a comprehensive network. They were built with a gentle slope to ensure the smooth flow of wastewater and rainwater.

Covered Channels
In addition to the underground drains, Harappa also had covered channels that were constructed on the streets. These channels were made of bricks and covered with stone slabs or wooden planks. They served as secondary drainage channels, carrying the wastewater and rainwater from individual houses to the main drains.

Manholes
At regular intervals, manholes were constructed along the underground drains. These manholes provided access points for cleaning and maintenance of the drainage system. They were covered with heavy stone slabs to prevent any blockage and ensure smooth flow.

Outfall
The drains from different parts of the city converged into a large outfall drain. This drain was built wider and deeper to accommodate the increased volume of wastewater and rainwater. It ultimately discharged the waste into a nearby river or water body.

Importance
The well-designed and efficient drainage system of Harappa played a vital role in maintaining the cleanliness and hygiene of the city. It prevented waterlogging during heavy rains, which could lead to the spread of diseases. The advanced sewage system of Harappa was an impressive achievement, showcasing the engineering skills and urban planning of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Overall, the drainage system of Harappa was a testimony to the advanced engineering and urban planning of the Indus Valley Civilization. It highlights their understanding of the importance of sanitation and their ability to create sophisticated infrastructure.