Stem layering is done in grape vines, citrus, and jasmine. Here, a new plant can be propagated by bending the lowest branch of the plant into the ground and covering it with soil in such a way that tip of the branch would be exposed to the sunlight. This segment will soon begin sprouting its own independent root system while still being nourished by the connecting plant. Once it gets maturity, this segment is detached from the plant and survive as an individual.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Vegetative reproduction in plants like citrus, jasmine, and grapevine is done by the process of stem layering.
Stem layering is a method of vegetative propagation where a stem is bent and partially buried in the soil to encourage the growth of roots. This allows the stem to develop into an independent plant.
Here is a detailed explanation of the process of stem layering:
1. Select a healthy and mature stem: Choose a stem that is flexible and has not become woody yet. It should be free from diseases or infections.
2. Prepare the stem for layering: Make a small cut or wound on the lower side of the stem. This will help in the development of roots.
3. Bury the stem in the soil: Bury the wounded part of the stem in the soil, leaving the tip above the ground. Ensure that the buried part is securely anchored in the soil to prevent it from moving or being damaged.
4. Provide necessary conditions: Keep the soil moist and provide proper sunlight to the stem. This will promote the growth of roots from the buried part.
5. Wait for root formation: After some time, roots will start to develop from the buried part of the stem. You can gently check for root growth by carefully digging around the buried stem.
6. Separate the new plant: Once sufficient roots have formed, you can separate the new plant from the parent plant by cutting it below the rooted portion. Transplant the new plant to a suitable location or container.
Stem layering is an effective method of vegetative reproduction as it allows plants to produce genetically identical offspring without the need for seeds. It is commonly used in horticulture to propagate desirable plant varieties with specific traits.