Problem: Determine the total number of stable conformers with non-zero dipole moment for the following compound:

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

Solution:

Conformers: Conformers are different spatial arrangements of the same molecule that can be obtained by rotation about single bonds.

Dipole Moment: Dipole moment is a measure of the degree of charge separation in a molecule. A molecule with non-zero dipole moment has an uneven distribution of electrons, which causes one end of the molecule to have a partial positive charge and the other end to have a partial negative charge.

Number of Stable Conformers: The compound given in the problem is a chain of four carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the last carbon atom. The possible conformers for this compound can be obtained by rotating around the C-C single bonds, and the number of stable conformers depends on the energy of each conformer.

There are two possible conformers for this compound:

1. Staggered conformation: In this conformation, the -OH group is in the anti position to the CH3 group, and the C-C-C-C dihedral angle is 60 degrees.

2. Eclipsed conformation: In this conformation, the -OH group is in the gauche position to the CH3 group, and the C-C-C-C dihedral angle is 0 degrees.

Dipole Moment: The dipole moment of a molecule is the vector sum of the dipole moments of its individual bonds. In the staggered conformation, the C-O bond has a dipole moment that is opposite in direction to the dipole moment of the C-C bond. Therefore, the dipole moments of these two bonds cancel out, and the molecule has zero dipole moment. In the eclipsed conformation, the C-O bond has a dipole moment that is aligned with the dipole moment of the C-C bond. Therefore, the dipole moments of these two bonds add up, and the molecule has a non-zero dipole moment.

Conclusion: The total number of stable conformers with non-zero dipole moment for the given compound is 1. The eclipsed conformation is the only stable conformation with a non-zero dipole moment.