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Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period:
- Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon.
- Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press.
- The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)1 only
- b)1 and 2 only
- c)2 and 3 only
- d)1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India ...
- Vernacular Press Act of 1878: It was proposed by Lytton the then Viceroy of India (1876-80)was also known as Gagging Act and it was meant only for vernacular/ native language newspaper not for English ones. Hence, Statement 1 is not correct.
- Provisions of the Vernacular Press Act, 1878: District Magistrate was entrusted with the power to call upon the printer and publisher of any Vernacular newspaper to enter into an undertaking with the govt to ensure that they don't publish anything which may incite the public feeling or create disaffection towards the government or that may create enmity based on caste, religion or race.
- The publisher had to deposit the security and in case of infringement of the provision of the act the security could be forfeited.
- The decision of the Magistrate in such cases was considered final and no appeal could be made against such action in the court of law.
- To escape from the provisions of Vernacular Press Act the Amrit Bazar Patrika turned itself into an English Language newspaper from the original Bengali.
- The entire Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was repealed by Lord Ripon in 1882.
- Licensing Regulations, 1823: It was enacted by the John Adams. According to this regulation, press without licence was a penal offence. The restriction was directed mainly to Indian language newspapers or those edited by the Indians.
- Lord Metcalfe repealed the Licensing Regulation of 1823 by John Adams, and therefore, he was called the ’Liberator of India Press’. Hence Statement 2 is correct:
- The Indian Press Act,1910: This act empowered the local government to demand a security deposit of not less than Rs 500 and not more than Rs 2000 which could be forfeited and it’s registration cancelled owing to the printing of any objectionable material. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
- However, the aggrieved newspaper could appeal before a special tribunal of the High Court against the forfeiture orders within two months. The Acts of 1908 and 1910 were repealed on the recommendation of the Sapru committee.
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Community Answer
Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India ...
The correct answer is option 'C' - Statements 2 and 3 only.
Explanation:
1. Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon: This statement is incorrect. The Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was not enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. It was actually enacted during the period of Lord Lytton, who was the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880. The act was aimed at curbing the freedom of the Indian-language press and gave the government extensive powers to censor newspapers in vernacular languages.
2. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press: This statement is correct. Charles Metcalfe, who served as the Governor-General of India from 1835 to 1836, is known for his efforts to promote freedom of the press. He revoked the Licensing Regulation of 1823, which had imposed restrictions on the press, and restored the liberties of the Indian press. Metcalfe believed in the importance of a free press as a check on the government and advocated for the principle of "unlicensed printing."
3. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers: This statement is correct. The Indian Press Act, 1910 was passed during the period of Lord Minto, who was the Viceroy of India from 1905 to 1910. The act empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers as a condition for their publication. This provision was seen as a way to control and regulate the press, and it was widely criticized for its potential to suppress freedom of speech and expression.
In summary, statement 1 is incorrect, statement 2 is correct, and statement 3 is correct. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - Statements 2 and 3 only.
Explanation:
1. Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon: This statement is incorrect. The Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was not enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. It was actually enacted during the period of Lord Lytton, who was the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880. The act was aimed at curbing the freedom of the Indian-language press and gave the government extensive powers to censor newspapers in vernacular languages.
2. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press: This statement is correct. Charles Metcalfe, who served as the Governor-General of India from 1835 to 1836, is known for his efforts to promote freedom of the press. He revoked the Licensing Regulation of 1823, which had imposed restrictions on the press, and restored the liberties of the Indian press. Metcalfe believed in the importance of a free press as a check on the government and advocated for the principle of "unlicensed printing."
3. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers: This statement is correct. The Indian Press Act, 1910 was passed during the period of Lord Minto, who was the Viceroy of India from 1905 to 1910. The act empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers as a condition for their publication. This provision was seen as a way to control and regulate the press, and it was widely criticized for its potential to suppress freedom of speech and expression.
In summary, statement 1 is incorrect, statement 2 is correct, and statement 3 is correct. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - Statements 2 and 3 only.
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Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Consider the following statements about freedom of the press in India during the colonial period: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was enacted during the period of Lord Ripon. Charles Metcalfe revoked Licensing Regulation of 1823 and restored the liberties of the Indian press. The Indian Press Act, 1910 empowered the local government to demand a security deposit from newspapers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)1 and 2 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
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