Joseph Butler was an influential figure in moral philosophy during the 18th century. His writings had a significant impact on the moral philosophy syllabus of Bombay University in the 1860s.

Joseph Butler's Philosophy:
- Joseph Butler was an Anglican bishop and theologian, known for his ethical writings and moral philosophy.
- His main work, "The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, to the Constitution and Course of Nature," published in 1736, addressed the relationship between reason and faith.
- Butler argued that human nature and the natural world provide evidence for the existence of God and the truth of Christianity.
- He believed that moral principles are inherent in human nature and can be discovered through reason and reflection.

Butler's Influence on Bombay University:
- Bombay University, established in 1857, aimed to provide a comprehensive education that included a strong emphasis on moral philosophy.
- In the 1860s, Butler's writings dominated the moral philosophy syllabus at Bombay University.
- His ideas on moral philosophy were taught to students, and his works were studied and analyzed in depth.
- Butler's emphasis on the importance of reason and reflection in understanding moral principles resonated with the curriculum's focus on moral reasoning and ethical decision-making.
- His writings provided a framework for students to explore and develop their own moral philosophies.

Reasons for Dominance:
- Butler's writings were chosen for the syllabus due to their intellectual rigor, clarity, and relevance to the study of moral philosophy.
- His ideas were considered foundational and provided a solid basis for students to engage with ethical debates and dilemmas.
- Butler's emphasis on the role of reason and reflection in moral decision-making aligned with the broader educational goals of Bombay University, which aimed to cultivate critical thinking and intellectual development.

Conclusion:
In summary, Bishop Joseph Butler's writings, particularly his book "The Analogy of Religion," dominated the moral philosophy syllabus at Bombay University in the 1860s. His ideas on moral philosophy provided students with a framework for understanding and analyzing ethical issues, and his emphasis on reason and reflection resonated with the educational goals of the university.