Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. In other words, they have the same number and types of atoms, but the atoms are arranged in a different way, giving rise to different physical and chemical properties.


Decane is an organic compound with the molecular formula C10H22. It is an alkane, which means it consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded together by single covalent bonds.


There are two types of isomers:


Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in the bonding sequence of their atoms.


Stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and the same bonding sequence, but differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space.


Decane has 75 possible isomers, but we will focus on the following five isomers:


N-Decane is the straight-chain isomer of decane. It has ten carbon atoms in a row, each bonded to two hydrogen atoms.


2-Methylheptane has a seven-carbon chain with a methyl group (CH3) attached to the second carbon atom.


3-Methylheptane has a seven-carbon chain with a methyl group (CH3) attached to the third carbon atom.


4-Methylheptane has a seven-carbon chain with a methyl group (CH3) attached to the fourth carbon atom.


2,2-Dimethylhexane has a six-carbon chain with two methyl groups (CH3) attached to the second carbon atom.


In conclusion, isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. Decane has five isomers, including the straight-chain isomer (N-Decane) and four branched-chain isomers (2-Methylheptane, 3-Methylheptane, 4-Methylheptane, and 2,2-Dimethylhexane).

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