Explanation:

The eastern gateway referred to in the question is the Great Stupa of Sanchi, which is located in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a significant Buddhist monument. The Stupa was built during the Mauryan period and was later expanded during the Sunga period. The Stupa is an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists and attracts tourists from all over the world.

The gateways of the Stupa are adorned with intricate carvings depicting scenes from the life of Buddha and Jatakas. The carvings are considered to be some of the finest examples of Buddhist art in India. The eastern gateway is particularly important as it contains some of the earliest depictions of the Buddha.

In the early 20th century, the British government authorized the removal of some of the artifacts from the Stupa, including the eastern gateway. The gateway was dismantled and taken to France, where it was displayed in the Guimet Museum in Paris. The move was controversial, and many Indians protested the removal of the gateway from the Stupa.

In conclusion, the correct answer to the question is D. None, as no one was granted permission to take away the eastern gateway from the Great Stupa of Sanchi. The removal of the gateway was authorized by the British government during the colonial period, and it was a contentious issue at the time. Today, there are ongoing efforts to repatriate the gateway to India, and there is a growing awareness of the need to preserve India's cultural heritage.

The 19th Century Europeans evinced keen interest in the Stupa at Sanchi. So the French sought the permission of Shahjahan Begum to take away its eastern gateway,which was best preserved. They wanted to display it in a museum in France.Similarly the Englishmen wanted to exhibit it in one of their museums. But fortunately both felt satisfied in getting carefully prepared plaster-cast copies of this Stupa. So this Stupa remained at its place.