Sway Analysis in Moment Distribution

Moment distribution is a method used to analyze continuous beams and frames. In this method, the moments at the ends of members are distributed to the adjacent members until equilibrium is reached. However, when analyzing frames, sway effects must be considered. Sway is the lateral movement of the frame caused by horizontal loads. The analysis of sway frames requires the concept of sway and non-sway distribution factors.

Equating Shear Produced Due to Moments in Columns to Applied Lateral Load

The sway analysis in moment distribution involves equating the shear produced due to moments in columns to the applied lateral load. This is done by considering the change in column shear due to the lateral displacement of the frame. The lateral load is assumed to act at each level of the frame, and the corresponding column shears are calculated. The moments are then distributed to the members according to the distribution factors obtained from the analysis.

Assuming Moments in Columns to be in Proportional of their Stiffness

Another assumption made in sway analysis in moment distribution is that the moments in columns are proportional to their stiffness. This assumption is based on the fact that the stiffness of a column is a measure of its ability to resist lateral deflection. The moments in the columns are used to determine the distribution factors for the members.

Evaluating Non-Sway and Sway Effect Separately

In sway frames, the analysis must be performed separately for non-sway and sway effects. The non-sway distribution factors are determined based on the assumption that there is no lateral displacement of the frame. The sway distribution factors are then determined by considering the lateral displacement of the frame due to the applied lateral load.

All of the Above

In summary, sway analysis in moment distribution involves equating the shear produced due to moments in columns to the applied lateral load, assuming moments in columns are proportional to their stiffness, and evaluating non-sway and sway effects separately. Therefore, option d) all of the above is the correct answer.