An Introduction to Lord Dalhousie
Lord Dalhousie, whose full name was James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, was the Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856. He was known for his assertive and progressive policies, especially in the field of infrastructure development and governance. During his tenure, Lord Dalhousie introduced various policies and measures, including the annexation of states, which had a significant impact on the Indian subcontinent.

Annexation Policies of Lord Dalhousie
Under the Doctrine of Lapse, Lord Dalhousie implemented a policy that allowed the British East India Company to annex princely states if they lacked a male heir or if the ruler was deemed to be incompetent. This policy was primarily aimed at consolidating British control over India and expanding their territories. Lord Dalhousie justified these annexations on the grounds of misrule, maladministration, and the need for socio-economic reforms.

States Annexed by Lord Dalhousie
1. Satara (1848)
Satara was the first state to be annexed under Lord Dalhousie's policy. After the death of the Raja of Satara in 1848, Lord Dalhousie declared that the state had lapsed and annexed it to British India.

2. Jaitpur and Sambalpur (1849)
Both Jaitpur and Sambalpur were annexed on the grounds of misrule and maladministration. The rulers of these states were accused of tyrannical behavior and suppressing the rights of their subjects.

3. Udaipur (1852)
Udaipur, also known as Mewar, was annexed by Lord Dalhousie after the death of its ruler, Rana Swarup Singh. The British East India Company took advantage of a disputed succession and annexed the state, despite protests from the nobles and people of Udaipur.

4. Nagpur (1854)
Nagpur, ruled by the Bhonsle dynasty, was annexed by Lord Dalhousie on the grounds of misrule and maladministration. The state was accused of oppressive practices and failure to provide good governance.

5. Jhansi (1854)
Jhansi was annexed after the death of its ruler, Rani Lakshmibai's husband, Raja Gangadhar Rao. Despite the existence of a legal heir, the British East India Company refused to recognize the adopted son and annexed Jhansi, sparking the famous rebellion led by Rani Lakshmibai.

Conclusion
Lord Dalhousie's annexation policies were aimed at expanding British control over India and bringing about socio-economic reforms. These policies, implemented under the Doctrine of Lapse, led to the annexation of various states, including Satara, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Nagpur, and Jhansi. While some annexations were justified on the grounds of misrule, maladministration, and lack of a male heir, others were contested and sparked significant resistance.

Lord dhalousie was the governor of india from 1848 to 1856. in this time period he introduced the annexation policy 'doctrine of lapse' in 1852. According to this annexation policy doctrine of lapse,if any ruler die without leaving male heir his kingdom take over by british .it was dominion approach to expand the realm of british kingdom in india.
by this policy lord dhalousie annexed four kingdom which are - nagpur, satar,janshi and oudh so these states was came under annexation because their ruler die and did not had son heir or some ruler was childless.