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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) were considered necessary in the post-war period to protect member-countries from communist aggression and conspiracy.
There are currently 30 member states of NATO, with 3 aspiring states. The 12 founding states, who signed the initial 1949 treaty, are: the United States, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal.
The Baghdad Pact signed on February 24, 1955 was called the Central Treaty Organisation (CENTO). Full members are: Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
So, the United Kingdom is a member of both NATO and CENTO.
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The US domination in military, economic, cultural aspects over other nations to show her supremacy is known as US hegemony. Its constraints are as follows-
1. The institutional architecture of American State itself i.e. they follow the system of division of powers between three organs of government.
2. The open nature of American Society and Political Culture i.e. the American mass media may promote a particular issue on domestic public opinion but never opposed the purposes and methods of government in American Political Culture.
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Understanding NATO and CENTO
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and CENTO (Central Treaty Organization) were two significant military alliances during the Cold War. While NATO remains active today, CENTO was dissolved in 1979.
Overview of NATO
- Founded: 1949
- Purpose: Collective defense against aggression, primarily from the Soviet Union.
- Membership: Includes 30 countries, primarily from North America and Europe.
Overview of CENTO
- Founded: 1955
- Purpose: To counter Soviet influence in the Middle East and South Asia.
- Membership: Included countries like Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom.
Countries in Question
- France: Member of NATO but not CENTO.
- The United Kingdom: Member of both NATO and CENTO, playing a key role in both alliances.
- Pakistan: Member of CENTO but not NATO.
- Spain: Joined NATO in 1982, but was not a member of CENTO.
Significance of the United Kingdom
- The UK was instrumental in both alliances:
- NATO: The UK contributes significantly to NATO operations and defense strategies.
- CENTO: Played a critical role in establishing and maintaining CENTO as a counterweight to Soviet power.
Conclusion
Therefore, the correct answer is b) The United Kingdom, as it was a member of both NATO and CENTO, serving as a crucial ally in both military frameworks during the Cold War era.