What is the process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during winters called?a)Pastoralismb)Transhumancec)Nomadismd)NoneCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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Answer

Transhumance

Definition: Transhumance is the seasonal movement of livestock and herders between fixed summer and winter pastures. It involves moving animals to higher elevations in the mountains during the summer to graze on fresh grass and then moving them back down to lower elevations in the plains during the winter.

Process: The process of transhumance typically involves a well-established route that has been used for generations. Herders lead their livestock along these routes, taking into account factors such as weather conditions, availability of water and pasture, and the needs of the animals.

Benefits: Transhumance allows for the sustainable use of resources, as it prevents overgrazing in any one area and allows pastures to regenerate. It also helps to diversify the diet of the animals, as they have access to different types of vegetation in the mountains and plains.

Cultural Significance: Transhumance is not just a practical way to manage livestock, but it also has cultural significance for many communities. It is often a time for social gatherings, celebrations, and the sharing of knowledge and traditions related to herding.

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