The Hunter Commission was appointed by the Viceroy of India in 1919 to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. This incident took place on 13th April 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab, where a peaceful gathering of thousands of Indians was fired upon by British troops, killing hundreds of innocent people.

The Hunter Commission was headed by Sir William Hunter, a British civil servant, and was tasked with investigating the circumstances leading up to the massacre, as well as the actions of the British troops who carried out the shooting.

The Commission conducted a thorough investigation, gathering evidence from eyewitnesses, local officials, and military personnel. They also examined the role played by General Dyer, who ordered the troops to fire on the unarmed civilians.

The Commission's report, which was published in 1920, concluded that the Jallianwala Bagh massacre was a "grave error of judgment" by General Dyer, who had acted without orders and without considering the consequences of his actions. The report also criticized the British administration in Punjab for its policies and for failing to prevent the massacre.

The Hunter Commission's findings were widely criticized by Indian leaders and activists, who felt that the report did not go far enough in holding the British authorities accountable for the massacre. The incident became a turning point in India's struggle for independence, and the demand for self-rule grew stronger in the aftermath of the tragedy.

In conclusion, the Hunter Commission was appointed by the Viceroy to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and to hold the British authorities accountable for their actions. The Commission's report highlighted the grave errors of judgment by General Dyer and the British administration in Punjab, and became a significant moment in India's struggle for independence.