Answer:

In January 1915, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, returned to his homeland, India.

Background:
Mahatma Gandhi had spent the previous two decades in South Africa, where he actively participated in the struggle for civil rights and equality for the Indian community. During his time in South Africa, Gandhi developed his philosophy of Satyagraha (truth-force) and nonviolent resistance, which would later become his guiding principles in the Indian independence movement.

Reasons for returning:
Gandhi's return to India in 1915 was primarily driven by his desire to contribute to the freedom struggle and uplift the oppressed masses in his homeland. Several factors influenced his decision:

1. Gained experience and recognition:
During his time in South Africa, Gandhi had gained significant experience in organizing movements and had become a well-known figure in the Indian community. He felt that he could utilize his skills and knowledge to mobilize the Indian population in India for the struggle against British colonial rule.

2. Influence of Gopal Krishna Gokhale:
Gandhi's return was also influenced by his mentor, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a prominent Indian nationalist leader. Gokhale urged Gandhi to return to India and work for the upliftment of the masses. He believed that Gandhi's leadership and methods of nonviolent resistance would be invaluable in the fight for independence.

3. Political situation in India:
At the time of Gandhi's return, the political climate in India was becoming increasingly charged with demands for self-rule and independence. The Indian National Congress, the leading political organization at the time, had been advocating for greater rights and representation for Indians. Gandhi saw this as an opportune moment to join the movement and contribute to the cause.

Impact of Gandhi's return:
Gandhi's return marked a significant turning point in India's struggle for independence. He immediately plunged into various social and political movements, advocating for the rights of peasants, workers, and marginalized communities. His methods of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience gained widespread support and became powerful tools in the fight against British rule.

Conclusion:
In January 1915, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returned to India after spending several years in South Africa. His return was motivated by his desire to contribute to the freedom struggle and uplift the oppressed masses. Gandhi's leadership and philosophy of nonviolent resistance played a crucial role in India's struggle for independence and left a lasting impact on the world.

D) Mohandas karamchand Gandhi