Introduction:
The Constitution of India, adopted on 26th January 1950, is the supreme law of the country. It is a comprehensive document that lays down the framework for the functioning of the government, defines the fundamental rights and duties of citizens, and establishes the principles of governance. The Constitution consists of several parts, including schedules, which provide additional details and specifications.

Schedules in the Indian Constitution:
The Indian Constitution originally had eight schedules. Over the years, three more schedules have been added, bringing the total number to eleven. These schedules cover a wide range of subjects and provide specific provisions related to them. Let's take a closer look at each schedule:

Schedule I – List of States and Union Territories:
This schedule provides a list of states and union territories in India. It specifies the territories that belong to each state and union territory.

Schedule II – Salaries and Allowances of the President, Governors, etc.:
Schedule II outlines the salaries, allowances, and privileges of various constitutional positions in India, including the President, Vice President, Governors, and Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts.

Schedule III – Forms of Oaths and Affirmations:
This schedule contains the forms of oaths and affirmations that are to be taken by individuals who hold public office, including the President, Prime Minister, Members of Parliament, and Judges.

Schedule IV – Allocation of Seats in the Rajya Sabha:
Schedule IV determines the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament, to each state and union territory.

Schedule V – Administration and Control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes:
This schedule deals with the administration and control of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes. It provides for the establishment of autonomous councils and other measures to safeguard the rights and interests of tribal communities.

Schedule VI – Provisions for the Administration of Tribal Areas:
Schedule VI relates to the administration and governance of tribal areas in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. It grants special powers to these areas in terms of land, resources, and self-governance.

Schedule VII – Union, State, and Concurrent Lists:
Schedule VII divides the legislative powers between the central government and the state governments. It consists of three lists – the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List – which enumerate subjects on which each level of government can make laws.

Schedule VIII – Official Languages:
This schedule lists the languages recognized as official languages of India. It includes Hindi, English, and 21 other regional languages.

Schedule IX – Validation of Certain Acts and Regulations:
Schedule IX validates certain acts and regulations relating to land reforms and the abolition of the zamindari system. It protects these laws from judicial review on the grounds of violation of fundamental rights.

Schedule X – Anti-Defection Provisions:
Schedule X contains provisions related to the disqualification of Members of Parliament and state legislators on the grounds of defection. It sets out the procedures for determining defection and the powers of the Speaker in such cases.

Schedule XI – Panchayati Raj Institutions:
Schedule XI was added in 1992 to provide for the establishment of Panchayati Raj institutions in rural areas. It outlines the structure