During the Sangam period, Uraiyur was a bustling trade center and was famous for its production of pearls and muslin. This answer can be explained in detail as follows:

Trade in Uraiyur during the Sangam period:
Uraiyur, also known as Puhar, was a major port city located on the banks of the river Kaveri in present-day Tamil Nadu. It was one of the prominent trading centers during the Sangam period, which spanned from 3rd century BCE to 3rd century CE. The city served as a hub for maritime trade, attracting merchants from various parts of the world.

Importance of pearls:
Pearls were highly valued during the Sangam period and were considered a symbol of wealth and luxury. Uraiyur had access to the rich pearl beds of the Gulf of Mannar, which made it a significant center for pearl trade. The city's strategic location on the coast facilitated the collection and distribution of pearls to other regions.

Production of muslin:
Muslin, a fine and delicate cotton fabric, was another important commodity produced in Uraiyur during the Sangam period. The city was renowned for its skilled weavers who produced high-quality muslin fabric. Muslin was highly sought after in the ancient world for its softness, lightness, and breathability. It was used to make garments, curtains, and other luxury items.

Reasons for Uraiyur's specialization in pearls and muslin:
1. Geographic Advantage: Uraiyur's proximity to the Gulf of Mannar gave it easy access to the pearl beds, allowing for efficient collection and trade of pearls. The city's location on the coast also facilitated the import of raw materials required for muslin production, such as cotton.

2. Skilled Artisans: Uraiyur had a large population of skilled craftsmen, including weavers and jewelers. These artisans had honed their craft over generations, leading to the production of high-quality pearls and muslin.

3. Demand and Trade Networks: The demand for pearls and muslin was high not only within the Indian subcontinent but also in the international trade networks. Uraiyur's position as a prominent port city allowed it to establish extensive trade links with other regions, enabling the export of pearls and muslin to distant markets.

In conclusion, Uraiyur's fame during the Sangam period for its production of pearls and muslin can be attributed to its geographic advantage, skilled artisans, and the high demand for these luxury goods in both regional and international trade networks.

B pearls and muslin