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Which of these statements about scenario research is true?
- a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.
- b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.
- c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.
- d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sen...
In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car would not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. This is what Garrod and Sanford (1982; 1983) found to be the case. In a fuller theory, Sanford and Garrod (1981; 1998) argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.
They called these structures ‘scenarios’, and argued that the basic, most fundamental operation of understanding is to recognize the situation in which the message is set. So, because we are retrieving further situation information from memory, sentences can lead to representations that go beyond their content. Garnham (1979) required participants to try to remember sentences they had seen previously: e.g. ‘The housewife cooked the chips.’ Garnham found that participants remembered this sentence better if they saw the cue ‘fried’ than if they saw the cue ‘cooked’, even though ‘cooked’ is actually part of the original sentence. According to the scenario theory, this is because cooking chips has been implicitly represented as a situation in which frying is taking place. Of course, another possibility is that the word ‘fried’ simply provided more information, in terms of a cue for remembering.
They called these structures ‘scenarios’, and argued that the basic, most fundamental operation of understanding is to recognize the situation in which the message is set. So, because we are retrieving further situation information from memory, sentences can lead to representations that go beyond their content. Garnham (1979) required participants to try to remember sentences they had seen previously: e.g. ‘The housewife cooked the chips.’ Garnham found that participants remembered this sentence better if they saw the cue ‘fried’ than if they saw the cue ‘cooked’, even though ‘cooked’ is actually part of the original sentence. According to the scenario theory, this is because cooking chips has been implicitly represented as a situation in which frying is taking place. Of course, another possibility is that the word ‘fried’ simply provided more information, in terms of a cue for remembering.
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Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for Humanities/Arts 2024 is part of Humanities/Arts preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Humanities/Arts exam syllabus. Information about Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Humanities/Arts 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for Humanities/Arts 2024 is part of Humanities/Arts preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Humanities/Arts exam syllabus. Information about Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Humanities/Arts 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Which of these statements about scenario research is true?a)In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London ’, there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. Subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem, because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence. Garrod and Sanford failed to show this.b)Sanford and Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge, and that background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations.c)In Garnham’s experiment, ‘cooked’ was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips’ than was ‘fried’ because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence.d)Scenarios result from text comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for Humanities/Arts.
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