Sittanvasal paintings are a unique form of ancient Indian art that originated in the village of Sittanvasal in Tamil Nadu. These paintings are renowned for their vibrant colors and intricate designs. Let's analyze the two given statements to determine their accuracy.

Statement 1: These paintings were patronized by the Pandyas.
Statement 2: These paintings were done on the ceilings of Buddhist shrines.

1. Patronage by the Pandyas:
The Pandyas were one of the major dynasties in ancient South India, known for their patronage of art and culture. They ruled over the Tamil region and made significant contributions to the development of various art forms, including painting. However, there is no historical evidence or documentation to suggest that the Pandyas specifically patronized Sittanvasal paintings. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect.

2. Paintings on the ceilings of Buddhist shrines:
Sittanvasal paintings are predominantly found in the rock-cut cave temples and Jain monuments of the region. These paintings are typically done on the walls and not specifically on the ceilings. Additionally, there is no evidence to suggest that these paintings were present in Buddhist shrines. Therefore, statement 2 is also incorrect.

Correct answer:
Based on the analysis above, we can conclude that neither statement 1 nor statement 2 is correct. The Sittanvasal paintings were not patronized by the Pandyas, and they were not exclusively done on the ceilings of Buddhist shrines.

Sittanvasal paintings:
Sittanvasal paintings are a distinct style of ancient Indian art that flourished during the 7th and 8th centuries AD. They are characterized by their elaborate frescoes depicting various themes, including religious, mythological, and secular subjects. These paintings showcase a high level of artistic skill, with intricate detailing and the use of vibrant colors.

Location and Preservation:
The Sittanvasal paintings were discovered in the rock-cut cave temples and Jain monuments of Sittanvasal village in Pudukkottai district of Tamil Nadu. These ancient artworks were created using natural pigments and binders, and they have managed to retain their colors and beauty even after centuries.

Themes and Style:
The themes depicted in Sittanvasal paintings range from scenes from Hindu mythology to everyday life activities. The artists used a combination of red, yellow, green, black, and white colors to create visually striking compositions. The paintings often feature human figures, animals, floral patterns, and geometric designs.

Historical Significance:
Sittanvasal paintings provide valuable insights into the artistic and cultural traditions of ancient South India. They showcase the artistic excellence achieved during the Pallava and Pandya dynasties. These paintings also reflect the influence of various art forms, including the Ajanta frescoes and the Amaravati school of art.

Preservation and Conservation:
Due to the delicate nature of these ancient paintings, efforts have been made to preserve and protect them. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has taken measures to safeguard the Sittanvasal paintings by implementing conservation techniques and restricting public access to the sites.

In conclusion, Sittanvasal paintings are a unique form of ancient Indian art that flourished during the 7th and 8th centuries AD. While they were not patronized by the Pandyas and were not exclusively done on the ceilings of Buddhist shrines, these paintings hold immense historical and artistic significance. Efforts must be continued