**Project Tiger**

Project Tiger was launched on 1st April 1973. It was a wildlife conservation program in India aimed at protecting the endangered species of tigers and their habitats. The project was initiated by the Government of India and was implemented by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII).

**Objectives of Project Tiger:**

1. **Conservation of Tigers:** The main objective of Project Tiger was to ensure the survival and conservation of the tiger population in India. The project aimed to protect the endangered species from extinction and increase their population.

2. **Preservation of Habitats:** Another objective of the project was to preserve and protect the habitats of tigers. This included the establishment of tiger reserves and the protection of forest areas where tigers are found.

3. **Prevention of Poaching:** Project Tiger aimed to control and prevent poaching of tigers. The project implemented strict anti-poaching measures and increased surveillance to deter poachers.

4. **Ecological Balance:** The project also aimed to maintain the ecological balance in the forest areas. Tigers play a crucial role in the food chain and their conservation helps in maintaining the biodiversity of the ecosystem.

**Implementation of Project Tiger:**

1. **Identification of Tiger Reserves:** Under Project Tiger, various tiger reserves were established across the country. These reserves were selected based on factors such as the presence of tigers, suitable habitats, and potential for conservation.

2. **Anti-Poaching Measures:** The project implemented strict anti-poaching measures to control the illegal hunting and trade of tigers. This included the deployment of forest guards, setting up of watchtowers, and increased patrolling in the tiger reserves.

3. **Scientific Monitoring:** Project Tiger emphasized scientific monitoring of tigers and their habitats. The project conducted regular surveys, census, and studies to monitor the population and behavior of tigers.

4. **Community Participation:** The project also encouraged the participation of local communities in tiger conservation. The local communities were involved in awareness programs, eco-tourism initiatives, and sustainable livelihood projects.

**Impact of Project Tiger:**

1. **Increase in Tiger Population:** One of the major achievements of Project Tiger has been the increase in the tiger population in India. The project has contributed to the conservation of the endangered species and their habitats.

2. **Conservation of Habitats:** Project Tiger has played a significant role in the conservation of tiger habitats. The establishment of tiger reserves and the protection of forests have helped in preserving the ecosystems and maintaining the ecological balance.

3. **Awareness and Education:** The project has created awareness among the public about the importance of tiger conservation. It has also educated people about the threats faced by tigers and the need to protect their habitats.

4. **Success Stories:** Project Tiger has witnessed success stories in terms of tiger conservation. Some tiger reserves have reported a significant increase in the tiger population, which is a positive outcome of the project.

In conclusion, Project Tiger was launched on 1st April 1973 with the objective of conserving tigers and their habitats. The project has been successful in increasing the tiger population, preserving habitats, preventing poaching, and maintaining ecological balance. It has also created awareness and educated people about the importance of tiger conservation.

Option A is correct 1st April 1973