Women when reach reproductive age,the uterus starts getting ready to receive the fertilized egg.Hence, the lining of uterus becomes thick and gets ready for the implantation of the egg. When fertilisation ​doesn't take place, the ovum is shed off along with the lining of uterus.This is known as menstrual cycle or mensuration cycle.

When Fertilization Does Not Take Place

When fertilization does not occur, it can have various implications on the reproductive process. Let's explore the consequences and reasons for the absence of fertilization in detail.

1. Absence of Conception
When fertilization does not occur, conception, which is the formation of a zygote, does not take place. This means that the male spermatozoa fail to fuse with the female egg, resulting in the absence of a fertilized egg.

2. Failure to Initiate Pregnancy
Fertilization is a crucial step in the process of pregnancy. Without fertilization, the female reproductive system does not undergo the necessary changes to support and nurture an embryo. In the absence of fertilization, pregnancy cannot be initiated.

3. Non-Formation of Zygote
Fertilization is the process through which the male and female reproductive cells, namely sperm and egg, fuse together to form a zygote. The zygote contains a complete set of genetic material from both parents and is the first cell of the new individual. When fertilization does not occur, the zygote is not formed, leading to the interruption of the reproductive cycle.

4. Potential Causes for Failed Fertilization
There can be various reasons for the absence of fertilization, including:

- Timing: Fertilization can only occur during a specific window of time when the female egg is available for fertilization. If the timing is not synchronized between the release of the egg and the presence of viable sperm, fertilization may not occur.
- Blocked Fallopian Tubes: The fallopian tubes play a crucial role in transporting the egg from the ovary to the uterus. If the tubes are blocked due to factors such as infections, endometriosis, or adhesions, the sperm may not reach the egg, preventing fertilization.
- Low Sperm Count or Quality: If the male partner has a low sperm count or poor sperm quality, the chances of successful fertilization decrease significantly.
- Hormonal Imbalance: Hormonal imbalances in either the male or female partner can affect the production and release of eggs or the quality and quantity of sperm, hindering fertilization.

Conclusion
In summary, when fertilization does not take place, it results in the absence of conception, failure to initiate pregnancy, and non-formation of a zygote. The causes for failed fertilization can vary, including issues with timing, blocked fallopian tubes, low sperm count or quality, and hormonal imbalances. Understanding these factors can help individuals seek appropriate medical assistance to address the underlying causes and increase the chances of successful fertilization.