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Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.
Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.
Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.
Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.
- a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.
- b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.
- c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.
- d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Art...
This is the most suitable answer for the following question.
On the basis of the information given in the passage and after reading the above-given situation we can conclude that since the act was committed in 2012, when no laws were available for such an offence and no provision under the Indian Penal Code.
Therefore, the Article 20 (1) implies that the person cannot be punished.
Hence, this is the correct option.
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Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Art...
Understanding Article 20(1) and Its Implications
Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution safeguards individuals against the retrospective application of laws, particularly those that impose penalties or define offenses after the fact. In the case of Mr. A, an inquiry into alleged sexual harassment from 2012 raises significant constitutional questions.
Key Points of Article 20(1):
- Protection Against Retrospective Laws: Article 20(1) prohibits the conviction of any person for an act that was not an offense at the time it was committed.
- Penal Action Limitations: It ensures that no one can be subjected to a penalty greater than what was applicable at the time of the offense.
Analysis of Mr. A's Case:
- Timing of the Offense: Mr. A's alleged act occurred in 2012, prior to the enactment of the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act in 2013.
- Inquiry Validity: The departmental inquiry into his conduct is permissible, as the inquiry itself does not constitute a penal action. It is an investigative process aimed at assessing the situation.
- No Penal Action Post Inquiry: Since the offense of sexual harassment under the new Act was not defined in law at the time of Mr. A's alleged actions, he cannot be penalized under this Act. Thus, any punitive measures following the inquiry would be invalid.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D': Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry. This aligns with the constitutional protection provided under Article 20(1), ensuring fairness and justice in the legal process.
Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution safeguards individuals against the retrospective application of laws, particularly those that impose penalties or define offenses after the fact. In the case of Mr. A, an inquiry into alleged sexual harassment from 2012 raises significant constitutional questions.
Key Points of Article 20(1):
- Protection Against Retrospective Laws: Article 20(1) prohibits the conviction of any person for an act that was not an offense at the time it was committed.
- Penal Action Limitations: It ensures that no one can be subjected to a penalty greater than what was applicable at the time of the offense.
Analysis of Mr. A's Case:
- Timing of the Offense: Mr. A's alleged act occurred in 2012, prior to the enactment of the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act in 2013.
- Inquiry Validity: The departmental inquiry into his conduct is permissible, as the inquiry itself does not constitute a penal action. It is an investigative process aimed at assessing the situation.
- No Penal Action Post Inquiry: Since the offense of sexual harassment under the new Act was not defined in law at the time of Mr. A's alleged actions, he cannot be penalized under this Act. Thus, any punitive measures following the inquiry would be invalid.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D': Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry. This aligns with the constitutional protection provided under Article 20(1), ensuring fairness and justice in the legal process.
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Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT.
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Here you can find the meaning of Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of
Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an
ample number of questions to practice Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.Article 20(1) of the Indian Constitution prohibits Ex Post Facto laws. The expression Ex Post Facto Law means a law, which imposes penalties or convictions on the acts already done and increases the penalty for such acts. In other words, Ex Post Facto Law imposes penalties retrospectively. For example, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 came into force from 20.5.1961. A person guilty of accepting dowry is punishable under the Act after 20.5 .1961 and not before 20.5.1961. Ex post facto laws are of three kinds as follows: (a) A law which declared some act or omission as an offence for the first time after the completion of that act or omission. (b) A law that enhances the punishment or penalty for an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence. (c) A law that prescribes a new and different procedure for the prosecution of an offence subsequent to the commission of that offence.Clause (1) of Art. 20 provides protection only in respect of the above first two categories of ex post facto laws i.e., laws that declare acts as offences subsequent to the commission to those acts and laws which enhance the penalty subsequently.Article 20(1) provides: No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence. The first part of clause (1) provides that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for a violation of law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. The second part of the clause (1) protects a person from a penalty greater than that which he might have been subjected to at the time of the commission of the offence.Q. The Parliament of India legislated the Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act, in the year 2013, and simultaneously some new offences were also added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860. Mr. A is an employee of an institution, against whom departmental inquiry has been initiated for committing sexual harassment of a female colleague in the year 2012. Now, choose the correct option.a)Such inquiry is valid as per Article 20 (1) of the Constitution as the complaint was made after the act came into force.b)Article 20 (1) will not be applicable as the matter does not relate to an offence.c)As the Act was passed in the year 2013 , any inquiry under such Act is invalid.d)Only inquiry may be conducted but no penal action can be taken against him after such inquiry.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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