Major Product of the Reaction between Glucose and Bromine Water: Gluconic Acid

Explanation:

When glucose (a monosaccharide) is reacted with bromine water (a solution of bromine in water), the major product formed is gluconic acid. This reaction is an example of an oxidation reaction.

1. Oxidation of Glucose:
During the reaction, glucose undergoes oxidation, which means it loses electrons and increases its oxidation state.

2. Bromine Water:
Bromine water is a solution of bromine (Br2) dissolved in water. Bromine is a strong oxidizing agent and is capable of oxidizing various organic compounds, including glucose.

3. Oxidation of Glucose by Bromine:
When glucose is reacted with bromine water, the bromine molecules (Br2) act as the oxidizing agent. The glucose molecule donates electrons to the bromine molecules, resulting in the oxidation of glucose.

4. Formation of Gluconic Acid:
The oxidation of glucose by bromine water leads to the formation of gluconic acid. Gluconic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H12O7. It is a carboxylic acid and contains a carboxyl group (-COOH) in its structure.

5. Structure of Gluconic Acid:
Gluconic acid has a cyclic structure, known as a lactone. It has six carbon atoms (C6) arranged in a ring, with a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to one of the carbon atoms.

6. Reaction Mechanism:
The exact mechanism of the reaction between glucose and bromine water involves the oxidation of the aldehyde group (-CHO) present in glucose to form a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). This results in the formation of gluconic acid.

In summary, when glucose is reacted with bromine water, the major product formed is gluconic acid. The reaction involves the oxidation of glucose by bromine, resulting in the conversion of the aldehyde group to a carboxylic acid group. Gluconic acid is an important compound in various industrial and biological processes.