Ashvaghosa's Oldest Dramatic Work in Sanskrit Literature

The correct answer to the question is option A, "Shariputraprakarana."

Introduction
Ashvaghosa was a renowned Indian Buddhist philosopher and poet who lived in the 1st century CE. He is considered one of the greatest Sanskrit writers and his works had a significant impact on the development of Indian literature. Among his notable works are the "Buddhacharita," "Saundarananda," "Sutralankara," and "Shariputraprakarana."

Explanation
Out of the given options, the oldest dramatic work extant in Sanskrit literature by Ashvaghosa is the "Shariputraprakarana." This work is a Buddhist play that focuses on the life of Shariputra, one of the chief disciples of Gautama Buddha.

The "Shariputraprakarana" is a one-act play that explores the spiritual journey and enlightenment of Shariputra. It delves into his encounters with various philosophical and spiritual teachings, ultimately leading him to embrace Buddhism. The play highlights the struggles, doubts, and ultimate triumph of Shariputra's quest for truth and liberation.

Significance
The "Shariputraprakarana" holds great significance in Sanskrit literature as it presents the teachings of Buddhism in a dramatic form. It showcases the philosophical depth and literary skills of Ashvaghosa, making it a valuable cultural and literary treasure. The play not only provides insight into the life of Shariputra but also offers a window into the religious and philosophical landscape of ancient India.

Conclusion
In conclusion, Ashvaghosa's "Shariputraprakarana" is considered to be the oldest dramatic work extant in Sanskrit literature. This play explores the spiritual journey of Shariputra, one of Gautama Buddha's chief disciples, and highlights his quest for truth and enlightenment. The "Shariputraprakarana" is a significant contribution to Sanskrit literature and offers valuable insights into the religious and philosophical traditions of ancient India.