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Which philosopher proposed the theory of separation of powers?
  • a)
    Rousseau
  • b)
    Locke
  • c)
    Montesquieu
  • d)
    Voltaire
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which philosopher proposed the theory of separation of powers?a)Rousse...


Montesquieu

Montesquieu was a French philosopher who proposed the theory of separation of powers in his famous work "The Spirit of the Laws" published in 1748. This theory suggests that a government's power should be divided into separate branches to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful.

Key Points:
- Montesquieu believed that dividing the government's power into three branches - legislative, executive, and judicial - would ensure a system of checks and balances.
- The legislative branch makes laws, the executive branch enforces them, and the judicial branch interprets them.
- This system prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful and abusing its authority.
- Montesquieu's theory greatly influenced the drafting of the United States Constitution, where the separation of powers is a fundamental principle.
- The separation of powers is now a key concept in modern democratic governance, ensuring accountability, transparency, and the protection of individual rights.
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Which philosopher proposed the theory of separation of powers?a)Rousse...
The first option, Rousseau, is incorrect because Rousseau's theory emphasizes on social contract theory and direct democracy. The second option, Locke, is incorrect because Locke's theory is based on natural law, property rights, and the consent of the governed. The third option, Montesquieu, is correct because he proposed the theory of separation of powers. The fourth option, Voltaire, is incorrect because Voltaire's theory emphasizes on freedom of speech and religious tolerance.
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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:In the fifth century B.C., Plato and Aristotle discussed whether monarchy or democracy was better. In modern times, Rousseau first argued for freedom as a fundamental right of humankind. Karl Marx argued that equality was as crucial as freedom. Mahatma Gandhi discussed the meaning of genuine freedom. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar vigorously argued that the scheduled castes must be considered a minority, and these ideas find their place in the Indian Constitution.Political theory deals with the ideas and principles that shape Constitutions, governments and social life in a systematic manner. It clarifies the meaning of concepts such as freedom, equality, justice, democracy, secularism and so on. It probes the significance of principles such as rule of law, separation of powers, judicial review, etc. This is done by examining the arguments advanced by different thinkers in defence of these concepts. Though Rousseau or Marx or Gandhi did not become politicians, their ideas influenced generations of politicians everywhere. There are also contemporary thinkers who draw upon them to defend freedom or democracy in our own time. Besides examining arguments, political theorists also reflect upon our current political experiences and point out trends and possibilities for the future.Q. Which political theorist argued about Swaraj?

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:In the fifth century B.C., Plato and Aristotle discussed whether monarchy or democracy was better. In modern times, Rousseau first argued for freedom as a fundamental right of humankind. Karl Marx argued that equality was as crucial as freedom. Mahatma Gandhi discussed the meaning of genuine freedom. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar vigorously argued that the scheduled castes must be considered a minority, and these ideas find their place in the Indian Constitution.Political theory deals with the ideas and principles that shape Constitutions, governments and social life in a systematic manner. It clarifies the meaning of concepts such as freedom, equality, justice, democracy, secularism and so on. It probes the significance of principles such as rule of law, separation of powers, judicial review, etc. This is done by examining the arguments advanced by different thinkers in defence of these concepts. Though Rousseau or Marx or Gandhi did not become politicians, their ideas influenced generations of politicians everywhere. There are also contemporary thinkers who draw upon them to defend freedom or democracy in our own time. Besides examining arguments, political theorists also reflect upon our current political experiences and point out trends and possibilities for the future.Q. Who pleaded for equality?

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Which philosopher proposed the theory of separation of powers?a)Rousseaub)Lockec)Montesquieud)VoltaireCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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